Diffusion

view the effects of an egg in a hypertonic state, hypotonic state, isotonic state and diffusion. Hypertonic is the movement of water leaving the egg to an area of higher concentration. When this occurs the egg becomes shriveled. Hypotonic is the process of water moving into the egg from the outside; the egg becomes swollen. Isotonic is when the water concentration is the same inside as is it on the outside. Diffusion is the movement of solute, a substance, from a high concentration to an area…

How is the membrane structure related to the transport of materials across the membrane? The membrane structure plays an important role in the transportation of materials across the membrane. The Cell membrane is a barrier that separates a cell from its surrounding environment. This is composed of Phospholipids, Proteins, Cholesterol and Carbohydrates. The Membrane Structure has a very important role in the transportation of materials across the membrane. The membrane of the cell is made up of…

There are various models that describe the passage of molecules across membranes. In order to rule out the effect of the size of the passage, it is assumed that the solutes will be uncharged and spherical. There are size-selective models that are used to analyze experimental data. These models are the one- or two- pore analysis and the normal or lognormal pore distribution modes. Previous analysis has shown that the heteroporous equations had similar results and the homoporous equations were…

Introduction The cell membrane provides a boundary between the intracellular environment and the extracellular environment. The membrane is selectively permeable only allowing some substances to pass through while some can’t. The cell membrane consists of two phospholipid bilayers. Each layer has an electrically charged, hydrophilic head, while the tail is an uncharged hydrophobic. The electrically charged head of these layers face toward the water as the uncharged tails face each other. This…

cup. This proves that the process of osmosis has happened. Conclusion: In conclusion different concentrations of saline solutions do affect the mass of the baggies due to the effect of osmosis. This also means that what has happened is is the diffusion of molecules from a lower concentration, to a solution of higher concentration. The lower concentration being the baggies. The higher concentration solution being the physiology human solution. Therefore, the research question presented on this…

I. Introduction: Osmosis is a mode of passive transport used by the cells. It involves the transport of a solvent like water across a semi-permeable membrane. Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules from an area of low solute to an area of high solute. In osmosis, the semi-permeable membrane (the lipid bilayer) enables the solvent molecules to pass freely between but limits movements of the solute. Osmosis is the primary way water moves into and out of all cells. In this experiment, the…

Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) is a mitochondrial lipid dependent membrane bound enzyme and principle donor of free energy in the living system. Any alteration in membrane lipids leads to changes in membrane fluidity, which in turn alters the ATPase activity and cellular function. The use of ATPase level measurement was considered as an appropriate index of membrane damage. Pathological processes that interfere with the production of ATP may interfere with sodium pump activity, which in turn…

How ADH Helps Regulate Water Reabsorption The kidneys are highly specialized organs that regulate water homeostasis in the human body. They are composed of functional units called the nephrons. Within the nephron, the majority of water homeostasis takes place in the collecting duct, as this component is responsible for water excretion (Sands & Layton 2017). The crucial hormone that is released in the collecting duct and is responsible for stimulating water retention is the antidiuretic…

Cholesterol has a unique structure that includes four linked hydrocarbon rings forming the steroid structure. The hydrocarbon tail links to one end of the steroid and a hydroxyl group linked to other end. While the hydroxyl group is able to form hydrogen bonds with nearby carbonyl oxygen of phospholipid. Additionally, cholesterol is an amphipathic macromolecule because it has a water-soluble polar region that dissolves in water, but almost the entire is non-polar which does not dissolves in…

The factor that determined the rate and direction of osmosis in the experiment was the amount of solute in the dialysis tube. This is shown through the amount of water that transferred into the dialysis tube as the sucrose concentration was raised. As the ratio from solute to water was heightened (as shown within the graph and data table), the amount of water that was transferred into the dialysis tube increased. From the data collected, it can be concluded that water and solute will move…