Diffraction

Aeshah Alrubayyi CHM 643 Reactive intermediate has been important investigated in physical organic chemistry. It classes to carbocations, carbenes, carbanions and free radicals. Recently, observable intermediate classified as reactive, and an unobservable intermediate is kinetically when occurs at a branch point in a mechanism. A reactive intermediate is formed in the rate determining step of a reaction and then goes to give products in low barrier. Also, the hydrocarbon reaction of terminal…

FePO4 is recognizably different amongst all other α-quartz isotypes as its positively charged cation is representative of a transition metal. It is deliberated at varying thermal states of between 20.85 to 799.85 Degrees Celsius via neutron powder diffraction. At comparatively cooler states, the composition of α-quartz is assembled, of which is tetrahedral. At an immensely high pressure, a denser octahedral formation results, otherwise referred to as the β-phase. The transmutation temperature is…

Rosalind Franklin was a British chemist, who discovered the structure of DNA. Rosalind was born in London England in 1920. Growing up, she was the second born of five children, and both her mother and father were involved with a lot of social events, and they had high standard in society. Her Father, Ellis Author Franklin, had wanted to become a scientist, but was not able to receive the education because World War I. rid him of that opportunity. Like her father, she was attracted to science,…

The first time I learned about structural biology was when I took Comprehensive Biochemistry I during my senior year at University of Maryland, Baltimore County. What was intriguing was how quickly I learned the concepts, and how easy it was for me to see conformational changes in three-dimensional space. I have always been a visual-oriented person, and until senior year of college I found that it was hard to find areas of research in biochemistry that utilize a person’s ability to analyze…

An electron vacancy is created and is further filled by an electron from the higher shell and thus an X-ray is emitted to balance the difference in energy between the two electrons. The detector placed on the energy dispersive spectroscope apparatus measures the number of emitted X-rays and their energies. Energy of the X-ray is characteristics of the element from which X-ray is emitted. A spectrum of the relative counts of the detected X-rays is obtained and evaluated for quantitative…

there, he published his very own book called Molecular Biology of the Gene, which became one of the most extensively used biology texts3. In 1951 he went to the Zoological Station at Naples and met Maurice Wilkins and saw crystalline DNA’s X-rays diffraction pattern for the first time3. That fall he moved his research to the University of Cambridge’s Cavendish Laboratory2. He met Francis Crick there too who shared his interest in puzzling out the structure of DNA1. Model showed the DNA molecule…

CuO-NH-NH2 nanoparticle was synthesized and used to remove anionic dyes from single and binary systems. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the nanoparticle. Direct Red 80 (DR80) and Direct Green 6 (DG6) were used as anionic dyes. The effect of adsorbent dosage, dye concentration and pH on dye removal was evaluated. Kinetic of dye adsorption…

(a) (b) (a) (b) 3. 1 Potentiodynamic polarization test of Mg-Zn-RE and Mg-Zn-RE-xCa alloys Potentiodynamic polarization test in Kokubo solution was carried out to evaluate the bio-degradation behavior of Mg-Zn-RE and Mg-Zn-RE-xCa alloys. The results (Fig. 1) revealed that the corrosion potential, Ecorr of Mg-Zn-RE alloy was -1841 mV, which…

Isaac Newton was a physicist and mathematician during the Scientific Revolution. He developed the principles of modern physics that are taught today. By 1666, Newton had developed the theory of gravitation. He had also come up with ideas about the diffraction of light. In 1686, he presented his three laws of motion in the "Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis”, often known as the “Principia”. Scientists say it is the most influential book on physics and, in fact, of all science.…

Yongxin Zhao’s unique scientific contributions I have developed several enabling tools for optical imaging of biological systems, which are under two main themes: 1. Optogenetic indicators for neuronal activities; 2. Expansion Pathology, a novel imaging strategy for super-resolution imaging of archived clinical samples. For theme 1, I worked on optogenetic indicators for Ca2+ and voltage, two of the most significant types in neuroscience. I tackled the well-known challenge of engineering these…