Dichloromethane

A reaction mixture containing 0.5172g of boric oxide and 1.0167g of acetylacetone was prepared and mixed in a 10 mL beaker. The reaction mixture was heated with occasional stirring for 10 minutes. Next, another mixture containing 1.3321g tributyl borate, 3.0005g of vanillin and 15ml of ethyl acetate was prepared in a 50 mL conical flask. The mixture was mixed and a magnetic stirrer was added to the mixture. The mixture was then stirred on a hot plate for 5 minutes at room temperature. After…

Introduction: In this laboratory, free-radical halogenation was used in order to brominate compounds such as toluene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene and t-butylbenzene (structures as seen below). Free-radical halogenation consists of a halogen, connected through sigma bonding, breaking and interacting with the side chain of the aromatic compound. The three steps in the process of halogenation take place in the presence of light and are labeled as initiation, propagation and termination.…

Interaction of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid generated nitronium ion which is electrophile. And methyl benzoate nitration is one of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nitronium ion will reacts with protonated intermediate at the meta position. After NO2 substituted, it becomes arenium ion intermediate. Then, the remained product HSO4- will attack hydrogen then transfer the proton to methyl 3-benzoate. In the experiment, students placed around 12 drops of concentrated H2SO4 in…

in biosurfactants by phenol sulphuric acid method and vanillin reagent method, found high in Pseudomonas aeruginosa than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Under this study, after centrigugation of crude extract,the pellets were suspended in a 40 mL of dichloromethane in a separating funnel and shaken vigorously and the allowed surfactant recovered in the organic layer at…

The previous lab that was conducted dealt with oxidation, which is referred to as a compound gaining oxygen or losing electrons (Wyman, 2015). This week’s lab consisted of a reaction that was the opposite of an oxidation and it is known as a reduction reaction. To be more specific a reduction reaction is when the reactant that is present gains electrons, which is response lowers the overall formal charge of the compound. For instance, if there are two hydrogen ions and each one has a positive…

Orchis simia is a white-grey and pink colored orchid. Its labellum is shaped like a monkey; complete with four limbs and a tail. It inhabits limestone terrain, grassy and woodland areas. It is spread throughout central to southern Europe, the Mediterranean and North Africa. One third of all orchid species are deceptive, O. simia is no exception; it is nectarless and relies on food deception to attract pollinators. One of O. simia’s known pollinators is the Cidnopus pilosus beetle (Schatz 2006).…

The term photoluminescence by definition can be refered to as a molecule or atom which absorbs electromagnetic energy and in turn, emits light.In quantum mechanics, it is where excitation to a higher energy state occurs, which then returns to a lower energy state, together with the emission of a photon. According to Seitz (2006) found in the Credo referencing database, “Photoluminescence excitation spectra are determined by measuring emission intensity at a fixed wavelength while varying the…

was formed in the presence of the phenyl group. The phenyl group provides stabilization. The cinnamaldehyde then reacts with the ylide to form a product of 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene. The ylide-forming reaction occurs in a set of two phases. Dichloromethane was used as the organic layer of the reaction, which was later evaporated. The benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride helps to transfer the ylide from the aqueous layer to organic layer. After this occurrence, the ylide then reacted with the…

TLC analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction revealed the characteristic blue spots of polyketides with vanillin/sulfuric spraying reagent as well as the positive results with Dragendorff’s reagent. Using silica gel column chromatography run with dichloromethane and methanol, pulchranin A was detected in the first few fractions F5 to F10 with Rf value…

reaction flask was cooled to ambient temperature and was opened to air in order to stop the polymerization reaction. The reaction mixture was decanted into excess diethyl ether. The produce was purified twice by dissolution/ precipitation with dichloromethane/diethyl ether and then dried in a vacuum for 24 h. (2.34 g, 82%) (Scheme1…