Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

neurological disorder defined by sudden, repetitive, involuntary movements or vocalizations called tics. The worst symptoms are first noticed in childhood before the age of 18 years with improvement into late teens and adulthood. Males are affected three to four times more often than females. Approximately 200,000 individuals have a severe form of TS. Tic disorders can occur in all ethnic and cultural groups and tend to be genetic. Evidence suggests that TS is an inherited disorder. A genetic…

which that individual stumbles and falls. Distress disorders can paralyze individuals, preventing them from living full and productive lives. Anxiety and depression can be the sources of individuals’ distress and cause individuals an enormous disruption in life. In the first case study, the emotional factors disturbing Donald’s life are described. By examining the symptoms in comparison to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition, a treatment plan is built on…

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was officially recognised as a clinical syndrome in 1980 in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) DSM-III stimulating scientific interest, resulting in a surge of research. Individuals needing treatment were being identified through clinical measures that then guided treatment distribution (Marshall, Spitzer, & Liebowitz, 1999). Two measures developed was the Penn Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Hammarberg, 1992) and the…

The DSM is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This is used to help clinicians and other health care professionals with their line of work and diagnosis. In 2013 the DSM-IV has changed over to the DSM-5. With this there have been changes in the groupings of disorders, new disorders added, and some completely different. With these changes has come a lot controversy. An area that has seen drastic changes is within the Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Within the DSM-IV…

power, which is sexually arousing to the sadist, or as a sexual preference for humiliation per se. Despite these conceptual differences, there are two main methods of identifying sexually sadistic individuals. Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSMIV- TR; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000) is the most widely used, researchers have also used phallometric assessments to identify individuals sexually aroused by acts of sadism. The…

A widely accepted cause of autism that sparked controversy among professionals and parents was the popularity of the “refrigerator mother” theory. A theory that placed blame and guilt on parents, notably mothers of children with autism. Leo Kanner believed that a child’s inability to bond or connect within their environment was a result of limited affection, coldness, and solidarity displayed by the parents. Bettelheim facilitated this theory that children with autism were similar to…

Running head: substance use disorder testing 1 substance use disorder testing 2 Substance Use Disorder Testing Thomas J. McCarthy Grand Canyon University ? PCN-529 December 7, 2016 Addiction Severity Index Interview The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) test is a semi-structured assessment tool to show the impact one?s alcohol and drug use has in one?s life both past and present. It focuses on seven areas of living: alcohol use, drug use, employment, family relationships, illegal activities,…

Transgender is a term that describes people who have Gender Dysphoria, new term for Gender Identity Disorder (Butcher, Hooley, & Mineka, 2013; Altilio, & Otis-Green, 2011). Uniquely as the word transgender has become a descriptive definition to describe or define a population of marginalized individuals, who may potentially develop anxiety, depression, restlessness, and other symptoms as a result of their disorder. The social construct of sex and gender has become controversial as it is an…

life events, conflict, and frustration. Those are not the only things that affect a person's well-being, having a mental health issue can also be negatively emotionally and physically taxing on an individual's physical and mental well-being. About 44% of Americans feel more stressed than they did 5 years ago. Also, stress is the basic cause of 60% of all human illnesses and disease. Mental illnesses such as PTSD or OCD can greatly impact a person’s life having to deal with the fact that they are…

Identifying OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a heterogeneous condition that involves unwanted distressing thoughts and compulsive acts (Abramowitz et al., 2003). Repetitive thoughts, images, urges, fears, a need for order, aggressive and sexual impulses, and impulses that are experienced as intrusions that need to be neutralized and suppressed are described as obsessions, which usually is due to the doubt that something has been done correctly (Battling persistent, 2005). The obsessions can…