Democratization

Political party polarization is a topic of great interest to political scientists. There is a myriad of research on the subject that explores both its generalities and specifics, from explanations of how a party system can become polarized to attempts to quantify levels of polarization in particular nations. In his article “The Quality and the Quantity of Party Systems,” Russell J. Dalton defines the phenomenon as reflecting “the degree of ideological differentiation among political parties in a…

Throughout history, and in recent times, the emergence of democracy and the modern state has been the main focus and feature of developing, and developed states. The necessity to be successful in adapting to a developed modern state, or maintain the success of the state on a global international scale, can result from the pre-requisites of the emergence of democracy. In order for states to emerge, they must have the existing pre – requisites of the emergence of democracy and sustained…

We have so many racial injustices facing us and us our individual contributions cannot contribute to the solutions and we have to wait for a messiah to solve them or so it seems. We’ve had the messiahs the likes of Martin Luther King Jr, Fredrick Douglas, Rosa Parks and even Obama. Over 50 years’ black men were allowed to vote but racial injustice hasn’t seemed to come to an end yet. Young black men are still being shot on the streets, most of them are still in prison. At this point, we have to…

An exploration of the surrounding cultural impact from interactive public installations, based on the piece of Open Air by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer Yuan Yuan Zhang Introduction:More and more digital and interactive art installations have been accommodated by various museums and venues recently. In the past, people usually appreciated static public installations and architecture, but now they…

The landscape that Europe was met with after the cataclysmic events of World War I was essential in both formulating emerging ideological movements and restructuring past ideas. Fascism would emerge as a tool, especially in ensuing international conflicts in the 1940s, to assist leaders in manipulating domestic nationalist bases to spread homogenous ideas to minority groups through militant and authoritarian tactics. Communism during this period would only vaguely echo the mid-19th century…

Great changes in culture and advancements in technology in short spans of time, staying strong under less than friendly circumstances. That is the Modus Operandi of South Korea, despite the nation’s relatively young age, and conditions of coming into existence; it is a major Asian power. Prosper in the face of adversity, with the odds stacked against you, when no one expects you to. Seeing where something comes from can shed light on how it became the way it is. When someone or something is…

60-Minutes ran a feature segment on A.I. (Artificial Intelligence). My knowledge of computer technology is below average, consisting mainly of checking email and surfing the internet. As most people, I knew computers were taking over many jobs once done by humans, and had seen footage of auto industry robots assembling automobiles. I remember seeing video of a warehouse with floor computers delivering boxes from one location to the next. A.I. is different. While watching this segment with…

Finding clean water is a constant battle for women and girls across the African countries. Clean water within these countries are so scarce that in Somalia, 70% of the whole population does not receive clean drinkable water (Africa Public Health Info). That’s almost 7 million people according to the 2013 Census (The World Bank). Collecting water for the family has always been seen as the women’s domestic responsibility (DoSomething.org). African women get up as early as 3:00 A.M. and spend on…

Gorbachev came to power as the head of the Soviet Union in the mid-1980s, and during his time in office he introduced a series of reforms which were seen to contribute to the communist bloc’s disillusion. His primary reforms were economic and political, but the policies associated with Gorbachev were glasnost (publicity, openness), perestroika (restructuring), uskorenie (acceleration) and demokratizatsaiia (democratisation). The reforms were so destabilising as the economic reforms were…

Democratize your retail business Kroger and Meijer both does some democratization but not a lot. Both of customers from Meijer and Kroger can buy good quality of product with lower price if they use coupon or loyalty card. But Kroger goes farther than Meijer in produce category. As a grocery store, it is good to work with local…