Democratization

Surge of Ultra-Conservatism: The US Presidential Election and Citizenship President-elect Donald Trump’s victory was shocking to Americans, but the world community saw it coming from a mile away. The past year has been full of liberal democratic politics shifting to far right conservatism, such as with Trump’s presidential victory. Scholars such as Nissim Mizrachi and Menachem Mautner contribute that the surge of radical conservatism has in fact been the product of the “liberal democratic form…

This literature review will address the idea of World Bank’s Anti-Corruption policy in order to address whether it can be improved through the adoption of a Political Economy Analysis (PEA) framework. In 1996, the President of the World Bank, John Wolfensohn addressed the ‘cancer of corruption’ as a major impediment to growth. Since then the World Bank has had a mounting concern over corruption. Today, the Bank’s anti-corruption strategies incorporate concerns over ‘good governance’,…

The Clinton (Democrat) administration’s military intervention foreign policy is in the ‘half-out’ category due to Clinton’s policies of “hegemony on the cheap” (“The Quiet Clinton Era of the 1990s: A Liberal Internationalist Strategy for Unipolarity?”) which emphasized multilateralism and avoided conflicts in which the U.S. had little to no interests, but wanted to “preserve an American-centered order” (“The Quiet Clinton Era”). Clinton wanted to maintain the status quo of the American unipolar…

Kuznets Hypothesis of income and inequality in context of Indian growth experience In economics, a Kuznets curve graphs the hypothesis that as an economy develops, market forces first increase and then decrease economic inequality. The hypothesis was first advanced by economist Simon Kuznets in the 1950s and '60s. One explanation of such a progression suggests that early in development, investment opportunities for those who have money multiply, while an influx of cheap rural labour to the…

Was the Afghanistan War an Intelligence Failure? Osama bin Laden and many of his key leaders relocated to Afghanistan from Sudan in 1996. They soon established headquarters and training camps in the country and began orchestrating operations from there Following the terrorist attacks of September 2001, the United States found itself at war with al Qaeda, Osama bin Laden’s international terrorist organization. In response to the terrorist attacks, and because al Qaeda utilized it as a base…

Morality is a term abstractly defined throughout human existence. We as a species evolved throughout history and those who came before us faced different trials and tribulations. We cannot put ourselves directly into the minds of the people from the past, and, as a result, have to utilize literature to obtain some understanding of the motives of those people. Morals are ambiguous and vary from person to person, so there is no accepted way of accurately measuring them because morals have evolved…

[According to Foner’s “Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction,” the major reason for fighting the Civil War seems to not only stem from the issue of slavery, but also fear. In his essay, Foner uses several historical views to show how many people viewed slavery very differently even in the 1900s and how it came to impact the start of the Civil War. Furthermore, by comparing and contrasting these views with new evidence and comparative analysis the causes of the Civil War can be determined to…

The purpose of the Hollaback! Kickstarter project by Emily May and Oraia Reid is to promote the Hollaback! app. An example of the promotion of the app is in the mission statement of the project; it reads, “Hollaback! is a movement dedicated to ending street harassment and assault using mobile technology” (May and Reid para. 1). I want to bring your attention to how the author uses the keywords "mobile technology." Since there are other ways to combat street harassment, by including the terms…

Burma is a nation that has overcome many challenges in order to become the democratic country it is today. But like all nations in the world, Burma has its own history to the development of the country. Burma’s colonization and decolonization began the process for its governmental development. Despite establishing a government, Burma’s decolonization plagued the country with political instability which created long-lasting problems that created a military regime. As time went on, political…

1.1 Introduction Local Self Government is the management of local affairs by such local bodies who have been elected by the local people. An elementary level of local self-governments was operative in the Vedic times. With the passage of time, the nature, character and role of the Local Self Governments have undergone sea changes, so much so that the Panchayat of today owes very little to the local government of the past. Now, the Constitution of India provides that the state would take steps…