Cytotoxicity

Objective This experiment is designed to investigate the IC 50 of compounds which had the positive effect on the reduction of the viability of leukemia cells. Introduction IC 50 stands for “half maximum inhibitory concentration” (2). IC 50 represents the concentration of the compounds that required for 50% of cell death. The IC 50 assay is used to determine the potency of the drugs which used as treatment of cancers (1). In the previous experiments, 20,000 cells/mL was the optimal number of leukemia cells, which was the concentration of cells given the absorbance values between 0.75 and 1.25 in MTT assay. Moreover, compounds were tested for their possible effect on the reduction of the proliferation of leukemia cells. Compound 3, 5, 8 and Doxorubicin showed a positive effect. In this experiment, a serial dilution of compounds that was compounds diluted in the ratio of 1:10 to get various concentrations of 0.002µM, 0.02µM, 0.2µM, 2µM, 20µM, and 200µM was tested with the optimal number of cells. This was used to determine at which concentration of the compounds would reduce 50% of the viability of leukemia cells. We hypothesized that compounds whose IC50 was about 0.01 greater or less than the IC 50 of Doxorubicin had high toxicity to the cells; otherwise, compounds whose IC 50 was much greater than the IC 50 of Doxorubicin had low toxicity to the cells. Materials and Methods The IC50 protocol was provided by Dr.Sadana. MV-411 leukemia cancer cells were maintained in…

The data from the cytotoxicity study was analyzed using factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) with statistical software Dell Statistica (data analysis software system) version 12, Dell Inc, Tulsa, USA, country (2015) available from http://www.Software.dell.com. The data from total GSH and ROS assays were analyzed using “one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison tests with GraphPad Prism version 6.00 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California USA,…

concentrations relevant to human exposure and human cell line based predictive models are useful to address the uncertainties. Most of the reported data on chemical mixtures focus on a single toxic endpoint and the mixture toxicity is predicted using the traditional models of CA and IA despite, in most cases, the mode of action of chemicals is not known. The approach of characterizing the mixture toxicity on a single endpoint is not sufficient to predict or determine the interaction between…

Therefore, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of neat ZIF-67 should be investigated with priority. The antibacterial activities of ZIF-67 were analyzed via the spread plate method as shown in Figs. 5(a)–(g), , and their bacteriostasis rate is shown in Fig. 5(h). It is clear that the presence of ZIF-67 can significantly inhibit bacterial proliferation. Even when the ZIF-67 concentration was only 10 μg mL-1, the antibacterial rate reached 80%, and further increase in its concentration…

The marvelous laboratory manner to study bacterial infection by cytotoxicity assay Bacteria are one of the most diverse living organisms, which enable adapted to a great variety of environments including the human body(1). As we know, the Scientists are classified the bacteria to two classes: non- pathogenic bacteria or commensal organisms and pathogenic bacteria. Researchers are predominantly shed light on pathogenic bacteria due to these bacteria use a number of different virulence…

scientific paper, I found that this paper follows the organization of a formatted scholarly scientific journal. Asking thought provoking scientific questions and proposing specific scientific hypothesis are crucial elements of writing a scientific paper. After reading this paper, the primary scientific question induced by this research should be: Will biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with extract of Corallina officinalis exert antitumor activity on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line?…

immunodeficiencies such as: neutropenia, which describes a decrease in the number of neutrophils who are extremely phagocytic and motile in the initial stages of inflammation and infection. Neutrophils are also important in destroying foreign matter in tissues, inducing antibody dependant cell mediated cytotoxicity, releasing proteolytic enzymes, defensins, lysozymes, myeloperoxidase and the induction of phagocytosis of IgG coated Ag-secondary granules induce the formation of lysozyme,…

Figure 2.1.3 TPGS concentration and Paclitaxel solubility are directly related. Figure created by M. Varma, 200522. TPGS has been incorporated into various drug formulations partly because of its ability to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR). By inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity, the relative cytotoxicity of drugs such as doxorubicin, vinblastine, and paclitaxel was increased19. P-gp is a drug efflux pump, a.k.a. multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), located in the cell membranes of…

antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities [6, 7-11]. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Origanum majorana played a role in preventing carcinogenesis and oncogenic mutations [13]. These extracts caused alterations in methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity which is highly expressed in human cancers. Cytotoxicity of marjoram and other plants was studied on several hepatoma cell lines. Origanum majorana exerts a low cytotoxicity on all the cell lines studied with an average of 39.1%…

proliferation or the death is determined by counting viable cells after staining with a vital dye. This is based on the principle that live cells possess intact cell membranes, which exclude certain dyes, such as trypan blue or eosin, while dead cells do not. Trypan blue, a diazo dye, is a vital stain which used to select color dead tissues or cells blue. The live cells or tissues with intact cell membranes are not colored. Since cells are very selective in the compounds which pass through the…