Cytosol

and anabolic fates of glucose. Provide detail of the metabolic pathways that underpin these fates and explain how their relative activity is regulated. Glycolysis - glucose catabolism. Glycolysis, part of cellular respiration, occurs in the cytosol of the cell and starts when the ATP level of the cell is low. It is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid under aerobic conditions and to lactic acid under anaerobic conditions. It is a series of reactions and is the first step of most…

coding gene. This gene codes for an Eps15 homology domain binding protein. Its protein type is a vesicle. The encoded protein may play a role in endocytic trafficking. It is associated with prostate cancer. This gene is commonly found within the cytosol and the plasma membrane of a cell. It's size is 1231 amino acids long. Its cytogenetic location is on the short, or p, arm of chromosome 2 at position 15, or 2p15, located from base pair 62,673,850 to base pair 63,046,486. Ishikawa Nagase and…

It is also called anabolism or biogenesis. It is a enzyme-catalyzed method in which substrates are transformed into complex products. In this process simple compounds change or convert into other compounds or they join together to form macromolecules. Example: In this process gluneogenesis is responsible for the production of glucose from non carbohydrate originator. Actually biosynthesis is an enzyme-catalyzed process in which substrates are converted into complex compounds. 1. Biosynthesis…

contains genetic material (DNA). The nucleus also contains hereditary information. Most chemical processes and reactions, which are controlled by enzymes, occur in the Cytoplasm. It also supports and protects the organelles. The Cytoplasm is a cytosol, a jellylike material and it is also clear and thick. It also holds the cytoskeleton fibres. A cell membrane controls what substances…

Salbutamol Discovery Chiral chemistry was introduced in 1848 by French chemist and biologist, Louis Pasteur. He discovered this new branch of chemistry after he separated two isomers of ammonium tartate (1). This paved the way for several progressions in the pharmaceutical industry. Although it took approximately a century for scientists to use chiral compounds as effective drugs, they have played a remarkable role in the life of plants and animals (1). The credit for discovering the chiral…

a neuromuscular junction. The neural and muscular sides of the NMJ have different roles to play. The motor neuron’s axon terminal, along which nerve impulses travel, ends in a series of synaptic end bulbs, full of synaptic vesicles, floating in cytosol. Within these vesicles are the precious messengers, molecules of the neurotransmittor, acetycholine (ACh). Across the synaptic cleft, we find the motor…

It has been demonstrated that MUC1 (membrane bound mucin) often located on the outer portions of cells, serves as a preventive agent against Helicobacter pylori. MUC1 reduces gastric inflammation in H. pylori Infected tissue by forming a complex with IkB kinase gamma (IKKγ) in this way hindering the contact between IKKγ and IKKβ causing the prevention of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) transportation to the nucleus, in this manner preventing the transcription of genes that can cause inflammation…

Aim 1: Determine the amino acid sensing specificity of folliculin. Since folliculin’s has novel molecular function in amino acid sensing I plan to further understand whether FLCN specifically senses a certain amino acid and if this level of detection is enough to elicit an mTORC1 response. 1.1. Determine if folliculin’s novel molecular function in amino acid sensing is triggered by glutamine. mTORC1 activation by amino acids requires FLCN, whereby its lysosomal residence during starvation…

Abstract: Catalase is an iron porphyrin enzyme present in high concentrations in humans and animals liver tissues. It is a peroxisomal enzyme that is responsible for destruction of toxic H2O2 released during certain metabolic processes.The activity of catalase can be determined by measuring the decrease in H2O2 concentration which is the substrate. Introduction: An enzyme is a large protein that acts as a biological catalyst which changes the rate of a reaction. It provides an active site…

Life is recognized by what we do. People, animals, plants and insects encompass properties such as order, regulation, growth and development, processing energy, responding to the environment, reproduction, and evolution. All living organisms exist with nonliving factors, as such, their interactions form an ecosystem. The two main processes of an ecosystem are the recycling of chemical nutrients and the flow of energy. Cells are a component of all living organisms and essentially are life’s…