Cytomegalovirus

If reverse PCR is done,then living organisms can be identified. Examples; diagnosis of viral infections like cytomegalovirus, hepatitis , and Influenza (flu). 2.Medico-legal cases: PCR permits the Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) from a blood cell or hair follicle to be examined.Example: suspected homicides,suicides,and cases referred from the court. 3.PCR application in…

Congenital optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a condition in which one or both optic nerves are not fully developed, giving the appearance of abnormally small, pale optic nerve heads upon fundus examination (AAPOS, n.d.). In comparison to the size of the disc, the retinal blood vessels appear larger than normal, when in actuality the vasculature is of normal caliber (Kaur et al, 2013). This non-progressive developmental abnormality is typically characterized by a combination of neurological,…

neuropathy (AMAN), and acute sensorimotor axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). There are a number of potential triggers that in genetically susceptible individuals can cause this disease such as surgery, vaccinations, or infections with Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or Mycoplasma pneumoniae1. The mechanism underlying the development of this autoimmune response is not completely understood and is the topic of this discussion. The case described is a man recently diagnosed with…

The person with AIDS may develop Mycobacterium avium, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Cytomegalovirus. Moreover, the person can have chronic diarrhea, memory loss, severe depression, and intense night sweats. There is also a condition called Kaposi’s sarcoma, which is a blood vessel cancer. (Neighbor & Tannehill-Jones, 2014) Prognosis In the…

Rett syndrome is when gene “…MeCP2, a protein that dims the activity of many genes in nerve cells that influence synapse formation or function. The Absence of MeCP2 causes dendrites, tree-like structures on neurons that receive incoming messages, to contain fewer spines, or spots for synapses to grow. The synapses that do develop do not function normally” (Bilimoria). Affecting mostly females this syndrome causes the connections to be extremely weak. Rett syndrome causes slow growth, loss of…

Pathophysiology Insulin is made by special cells called beta cells that are produced by the pancreas. Insulin is used to regulate glucose for metabolism. Insulin allows glucose to enter cells and without this glucose would not enter the cells of the body and blood sugar levels would rise in the blood, resulting in hyperglycemia. This process of high sugar in the blood without metabolism will eventually develop into Diabetes Mellitus. There are two types of Diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. Either…

Vaccination is the process of injecting antigenic material to stimulate immune response. Conventional vaccines insert attenuated or killed infectious agent, such as virus or antigenic protein, into the body to stimulate immune system to develop immunity against the pathogen. However, this type of vaccines has some weakness. For example, attenuated virus may suddenly become very active in the body and cause disease instead of stimulating immune response. Conventional vaccines also unable to…

cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy can occur before or during birth. Infection during pregnancy may damage the fetus developing nervous system. Some of the common infections that mothers can have during pregnancy are rubella (German measles), and cytomegalovirus (herpes-style virus). Toxoplasmosis is another infection that can lead to a child having cerebral palsy. Toxoplasmosis is a parasite that can be carried in cat feces, and in inadequately cooked meat. Many different problems during pregnancy…

Blood Transfusions – Principles Questions 1. Different components of WBC’s? How much of blood is plasma? 2. Function of RBC antigens? 3. Which blood type is universal recipient? Universal donor 4. Important facts about Rh factors? 5. Most fatal hemolytic reactions result from? 6. What are the procedures for donor/recipient blood? 7. How long does a type and screen take? What does it determine? 8. Type and crossmatch take how long? What three phases are performed? 9. Type A…

at risk for aspiration. Causes Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage that can occur during prenatal, natal, or a few months postnatal. Some factors that could cause this neurologic disorder during prenatal can be maternal diseases such as cytomegalovirus, HIV, and rubella. Prematurity and low birthweight are also factors that can cause cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy occurs in 2.0-3.5 babies per 1000 live births and about 90 cases per 1000 neonatal…