Cytochrome P450

preventing metabolism of endogenous acetylcholine, and are used in the early stages of the disease for mild cognitive impairment (Grossman & Porth, 2014). These drugs used for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease are metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 system, so these drugs should be used in caution with the patient with hepatic impairment (Karch, 2013). Tacrine is available in a capsule…

gamma phase 40–50 hours). •Low toxicity: only histamine release (3%), fever (2.9%), nausea and vomiting (2.9%), and phlebitis at the injection site (2.9%), very rarely allergy and anaphylaxis •It's not an inhibitor, inducer, or substrate of the cytochrome P450 system, or P-glycoprotein, thus minimal drug interactions •Lack of interference from renal failure and hemodialysis •Needs no dose adjustment is necessary based on age, gender, race •Better (or no less effective) than amphotericin B and…

Lung Cancer Lung cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the lung tissue characterized by an uncontrolled cell proliferation. It is also referred to as carcinoma of the lung. This neoplasm arises from epithelia of the lungs, bronchi and trachea. Lung cancers can be of epithelial cell origin (carcinoma) or mesothelial cell origin (malignant mesothelioma). Lung cancer begins with inactivation of tumor suppressor genes or with activation of oncogenes. Carcinogens bring about mutation in the genes that…

F patients, it may lead to a decrease in the bioavailability of theophylline and higher doses could be required. Secondly, theophylline is metabolised in the liver via cytochrome P450, as a result it involves in a lot of drug interactions. Therefore, monitoring by a clinical pharmacist is necessary with this medication (Dipiro et al., 2008). Additionally, when using inhaled drugs, clinical pharmacists can assist in determining a number of factors such as if it is suitable to give inhalers as a…

Oh No, GMO’s People have been farming and growing plants and grains for thousands of years while Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’S) have been hitting the market place for decades. These are items such as produce, grain products and even the meat products we eat on a daily basis. A GMO, or genetically modified organism, is a plant, animal, microorganism or other organism whose genetic makeup has been modified using recombinant DNA methods (also called gene splicing), gene modification or…

Iboga Tabernanthe Iboga: an unassuming shrub found in western Central African that bears white flowers and yellow fruit. Ingest a small amount and you'd get a pleasant stimulating aphrodisiac effect, ingest significantly more, and you'd be sent on a visionary trip described as more intense than any other psychedelic known to man. The Bwiti cult in Africa has been using Iboga as the central practice of their religion for hundreds and thousands of years. Ibogaine is the tryptamine…

Nutrition Minerals and vitamins are essential for the regular functioning of mostly all metabolic processes in ruminants. Dietary deficits or extremes of certain minerals and vitamins can influence in major financial losses in animal productivity. Several guidelines have been published by national organizations that recommend variable amounts of vitamin D intake.61 The reference values (Dietary Reference Intakes) for vitamin D were established in 1997; however, novel reference values were…

3.1 NATEGLINIDE (Javed et. al., 2013) Nateglinide [N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine] is a novel, highly physiologic, glucose regulator recently approved for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Nateglinide has a rapid onset and short duration of insulinotropic action that results in reduction of glucose level. Nateglinide block the K-ion channels in pancreatic beta-cells, facilitating insulin secretion. In the present investigation formulation and evaluation of…

The role of oxysterols in human body and disease 1. Introduction Oxysterols are 27-carbon derivatives of cholesterol created by spontaneous or enzymatic oxidation (Figure 1, (Brown and Jessup, 2009)). The oxidation of cholesterol occurs either on the side chain or on the sterol core. Side chain oxidation generates, e.g., 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-HC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) or 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC) while the core oxidation gives rise to ring oxysterols, mostly ring-B oxysterols,…

1. The name of the drug The generic name of the drug that is the theme of this assessment is Metoprolol succinate. The trade names this drug is known as in New Zealand is Betaloc CR and AFT-Metoprolol CR (AFT-Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 2009); AstraZeneca Limited, 2014). 2. General classification of given drug This drug is an antihypertensive medication and a beta1-selective beta-blocker (AstraZeneca Limited, 2014). 3. Indication of use and purpose of given drug Jack is taking Metoprolol succinate…