Cyclooxygenase

(xanthine oxido-reductase)” (Hershfield et al., 2013, p. 154). Mobic is an Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are widely prescribed medications that help reduce inflammation. The exact mechanism of action is unknown. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase, this reduces prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis reducing inflammation and pain (Chen, Zhang, & Zhang, 2015). I chose Norvasc and Lipitor because they did not have any adverse reactions or interactions that contraindicated use. I…

Adverse drug events affect millions of patients each year and are responsible for up to 5% of hospital admissions resulting in significant increase in costs of healthcare [1,2]. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) are important adverse drug events because they are often predictable based on previous reports, clinical studies, and an understanding of pharmacologic principles. Some adverse drug events have life-threatening consequences and may prompt the removal of popular medications from the…

Historical uses The word "pomegranate" (Punica granatum) is Latin for "fruit of many seeds." The pomegranate is a little deciduous tree or big shrub that bears fruit, the Punica granatum. It is a superfood with much history. Pomegranates can be traced back as early as 4000 BC. Its red fruit sprouts from beautiful red flowers and is between a grapefruit and a lemon in size. The white flesh inside the thick skin is filled by hundreds of seeds. (Tohi, 2016) For thousands of years Ayurvedic…

Alternatively, inflammation-induced activation of the pro-tumor cytokine family causes epigenetic modifications. A persistent inflammatory response in individuals with ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease causing oxidative stress and activation of TNF-α and NF-ҡB (tumor promoting cytokines) has been suggested as a major cause for colorectal cancer (Kraus et al., 2009). Activation of cytokines like STAT3 and NF-ҡB can also induce stem cell-like phenotype and stem cell expansion in…

burden. Mesalazine and Rifaximin novel combination used in treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patented by Lupin Ltd, WIPO WO2009047801 A1. [1] A. Mesalazine Mesalamine is a salicylate, its therapeutic effect does not appear to be related to cyclooxygenase inhibition; indeed, traditional non-steroidal…

ventilation) B. Systemic vasodilation: sepsis, antihypertensives, afterload reducers, anaphylaxis C. Renal vasoconstriction: hypercalcemia, catecholamines, calcineurin inhibitors, amphotericin B D. Impairment of renal autoregulatory responses: cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin II receptor blockers E. Hepatorenal syndrome In cases of hypovolemia, there occurs a fall in mean arterial…

Paracetamol is one of the world’s most beneficial and resourceful analgesic and is widely used in present day. An analgesic, can be defined, as a chemical compound that relieves pain, reduces fever and inflammation. It works by hindering the enzyme cyclooxygenase which acts a catalyst to convert fatty acids to prostaglandins. Prostaglandins cause pain and inflammation to peripheral and central points in the nervous system2. Paracetamol, or Acetaminophen is created by the synthesis and…

incidence of colorectal cancer as compared to women. Colon cancer (colorectal cancer) is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum due to the abnormal cell proliferation caused by Prostaglandin E2(PGE2). PGE2 is increased or stimulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and COX-1 is responsible for the baseline levels of prostaglandlins. In normal colonic epithelium 15-PGDH activity is up-regulated but in colon cancer its decreased. The purpose of this is to determine the expression of…

(Wartolowska and Tracey 2009). In line with this, a study published in 2007 demonstrated differences in brain activity if a drug was acting as an anti-hyperalgesic versus analgesic agent (Maihöfner, Ringler et al. 2007). Healthy volunteers treated with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors were subjected to mechanical noxious stimuli upon and distant to a previously irradiated area. Through fMRI, the authors detected differences in neuronal activity in the parietal association cortex, secondary…

NSAIDS, lornoxicam is a powerful inhibitor of the cyclooxgenase compounds, which are in charge of catalyzing the establishment of prostaglandins and thromboxane from arachidonic corrosive. Dissimilar to a few NSAIDS, lornoxicam's hindrance of cyclooxygenase does not prompt an increment in leukotriene creation, implying that arachidonic corrosive is not moved to the 5-lipoxygenase course, bringing about the minimization of the danger of antagonistic events.[13] • log P esteem: 1.8 •…