Cyanobacteria

Even though cyanobacteria occurs naturally, the serious problem is directly caused by the pollutants of the surrounding towns because the substance “grows out of control when nourished by pollution” (Lake Atitlan 2015). The website lakeatitlanhealth.com has some tips for mitigating the pollution and reversing the effects of the cyanobacteria. It states that the lake communities need to prevent phosphor and nitrogen rich nutrients…

The ΔglgC cyanobacteria will be transformed yet again to express an engineered new, small PSII antenna. In order to do this, plasmids pGDNG3/Cys(181/226)Ser and p613 will be co-transformed using the method described in the paper by Beckman et al. The method of using a vector containing an antibiotic (ampicillin) resistance gene will also be employed in this experiment. Ampicillin will then be added to the transformed bacteria in order to obtain the successfully transformed bacteria. By adding…

triquetra (dinoflagellates) and Nitzschia sigma (diatom) (Gárate-Lizárraga et al., 1999; 2004; 2006; Sierra-Beltrán et al., 2005; Gárate- Lizárraga and Muñetón-Gómez, 2008). Severe losses in shrimp farming in Mexico caused by toxic dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria have been reported by Ochoa et al. (2004) as well. Lightner (1982) has reported that enteritis occurs in juvenile shrimps upon exposure to Schizothrix calcicola. A strain of S. calcicola has noxious effect on L. vannamei post larvae…

quality as a result of human activities. Road construction, stream restoration, and agricultural activities have led to large amounts of phosphorus being added to the lake. This lowers the ratio of oxygen and nirtogen to phosphorus and provides cyanobacteria with an environment that they are uniquely adapted to thrive…

When analyzing the given graph showing the relationship between anaerobic respiration and temperature, it can be seen that at -20°C the amount of fermentation during anaerobic respiration is zero, as the temperature increases the amount of fermentation increases, until 35°C when fermentation is at 100%. Interestingly, as the temperature increases further, fermentation decreases until at 60°C it ceases once more. At Earth’s beginning it is thought that the earth was covered with active volcanoes…

plant itself, scientists have been able to introduce other genes from other organisms into the plant cells, one of the first being (Fructose-1, 6-Sedoheptulose-1, 7-biphosphate). The (Fructose-1, 6-Sedoheptulose-1, 7-biphosphate) gene comes from cyanobacteria and was introduced to a transgenic tobacco plant. Once again, through the use of overexpression, the tobacco plant showed an increased photosynthetic rate and increased product yield. Being introduced into the plant’s chloroplast, the…

source water by causing taste and odor issues, and may harm the filtration systems employed in water treatment, thus driving up the costs of water treatment. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are often accompanied by growth of microorganisms known as cyanobacteria, a photosynthetic prokaryotic species that occur…

Spend some time observing any ocean ecosystem and you will see that it can look like a very dreary place. A place full of hunting, killing, manipulation, fearfulness and harsh living environments. Nevertheless, the species involved in these interconnected ecosystems of the oceans have found ways to survive in these environments by each fulfilling a specific niche. The niche of some of these species is oftentimes accompanied by another organism, however, these relationships are termed as a…

third largest freshwater lake in Wuni, Jiangsu Province, has provided a home and livelihood for over two million people. By way of contrast, in late May, 2007, a drinking water crisis took place following a massive bloom of the toxin producing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. in Lake Taihu.2 Ultimately, due to unusual growth of algae, the lake digressed to completely green. Local reports say algae density is 38% higher than it was in 2016. Lake Taihu was known for its vast wildlife and…

For a long term, the prevailing logic in global microbial diversity has been “everything is everywhere, but nature selects”, coming from Baas Becking’s 1934 publication, “Geobiologie of inleiding tot de milieukunde” (Baas Becking, 1934). This conclusion was based on the presumption that physical, chemical, and geographical barriers play no role in the global dispersal of microbes, which aerosolise for easy distribution. In this scenario, it would be expected that any given species of microbe…