Cryptographic hash function

hacker, intercepts the transmission signal between the sender and receiver of the information and relay them such signals so that they both feel they are interacting with each other (Rouse, n.d.). Such an attack is very commonly used to bypass the cryptographic protocols that might be put in place to maintain data security. Eavesdropping as outlined above is an example of MITM attack. In such cases, even though the two parties communicating believe that they are talking with each other, the…

information protected from anyone other than the two (or more) people involved in the communication. Preventing unauthorized users from being able to read the information exchanged over an insecure channel, i.e. maintaining ‘privacy’ is one serious cryptographic problem, which is why it is essential for the communicating parties to share a key that is unknown to others. This key distribution problem levies major cost and delay to large business and/or teleprocessing networks. Diffie and Hellman…

rudimentary foundations or procedures used by Cryptocurrencies today. Cryptocurreny (CC) is somewhat anti-government yet when money is stolen, the individuals affected look to the law enforcing agencies that the system is trying to beat. The new cryptographic hash universe is an interesting science experiment, but that is about it, especially when hackers use remote hacking to steal property from others. One currency exchange company, known as Mt. Gox has been reported to lose 750,000…

Passwords have been used for the purpose of authentication since Roman Periods. Password-based systems, Validation based on something what the user knows about their identity are generally more common and necessary to access the available resources in World Wide Web through networks and the internet (Vaithyasubramanian & Christy, 2015). Cracking user passwords online is one of the essential skills in hacking and penetration testing with the aim is to illegitimately access the system through an…

is, if g generates G_1 the e ̂(g,g) generates G_2. The above bilinear map is called symmetric pairings. Decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) problem: We say that the decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) problem is hard if, for any PPT distinguisher A, the function |Pr⁡[A(G_1,q,g,g^a,g^b,g^c )=1]-Pr⁡[A(G_1,q,g,g^a,g^b,g^ab )=1]|, is negligible. 2.2. Outline of the Conjunctive Keyword Searchable Encryption [16] A conjunctive keyword searchable encryption (CKSE) consists of the following four algorithms:…

In its beginning, the Internet was much slower than it is today, requiring companies to host their own networks in order to interconnect their computer systems. As the Internet continues to evolve and become faster with each passing year, the ability has emerged for companies to cut costs by offloading their networks to companies who host these services over the Internet. This practice has widely come to be known as Cloud Computing. The benefits of such a service are many, but it does come with…

While ubiquitous Internet access is extremely convenient and enables marvelous new applications for mobile users, it also creates a major security vulnerability—by placing a passive receiver in the vicinity of the wireless transmitter, that receiver can obtain a copy of every packet that is transmitted! These packets can contain all kinds of sensitive information, including passwords, social security numbers, trade secrets, and private personal messages. A passive receiver that records a copy of…