Cross-sectional study

The purpose of this cross-sectional research study was to find out the relevance of changes in phantom limb pain, and the effect of visceral stimulation has on the intensity of phantom limb pain. Researchers were trying to investigate and answer the commonness of the change of phantom limb sensation and pain with visceral stimulation in military personnel with amputation and pain intensity. One of the questions that they were trying to answer was why do some people have get phantom limb pain…

Increase exposure to the online environment has contributed to a heighten appreciation of the potential negative impact of cyberbullying. Recent cross-sectional studies have shown association between cyberbullying victimization and mental health problems, and even between cyberbullying victimization and suicide (Bannink, 2014). According to Bannink, cyberbullying has become a major issue towards young adolescents…

pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges” (Singh, Dubey, Pandey, Kumar, Sharma & Annavi, 2014, p. 463). Foreign body blockages effect more children in their first 6 years of life with an increase of occurrences in children age 1 to 3 years old. A study was completed between April 2009 and March 2013 on how foreign bodies effect the digestive tract over a period of time. Methods to obtain the data were collected by using case records of patients including age, gender, type of foreign body and…

Cross sectional and longitudinal study designs, like many other designs, trade-off biases and handle measurement error quite differently (“cross-sectional vs. longitudinal studies | Institute for Work & Health,” n.d.). Cross-sectional designs that use the method of collecting and comparing data from multiple cohorts of different ages at the same point of time. An example would be including 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 year olds to measure the effect of age on smoking. They were all recruited at the…

Criminologists employ cross-sectional and longitude studies as observational studies during research. The two studies help criminology research to establish a comprehensive research methodology for comparisons of variables. Additionally, they create a coherent epistemology for deducing cause and effects. Mark Stafford observes that most criminology theories and research are causal. They attempt to establish the correlation between cause and effect. The criminology research is therefore designed…

of life threatening conditions, including pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, and pregnancy related complications7. It is also linked to a detrimental impact on oral health such as increasing risk of periodontal diseases7. In this cross sectional study consisting of 221 university students, the prevalence of sheesha smoking was higher than the cigarette smoking. This might be due to the perception among the sheesha smokers that it is…

Introduction The purpose of this study is to learn how to access and analyze cross-sectional descriptive epidemiology data, create 2 by 2 table for six exposures, compute odds ratio and 95% CI, interpret the findings, and write a report. In 2014, nearly 29.1 million people of all ages in the United States have diabetes, 21 million people have been diagnosed and 8.1 million people are undiagnosed. Men have the higher rate with 13.6 percent and11.2 percent for women. Americans Indians/ Alaska…

quasi-experimental cross-sectional case-control design to explore differences in knowledge and beliefs in managing patients with LBP between physical therapists and physicians. Subjects will be invited to participate in the study, which will involve completing an education and experience survey and an examination that assesses their level of knowledge in managing nonspecific LBP. Physical therapists and family practice physicians will be invited to participate in this study through air mail.…

This article is about a cross-sectional, descriptive study that was conducted in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in the summer of 2003. The objective of the study was to determine if the location of where a non-perception drug was sold (pharmacy vs. convenience store) would change the perception of that drug with consumers. A sample of 2102 people was mailed a questionnaire in which 1,296 people replied. The questionnaire consisted of seven parts: information about non- prescription purchases and use,…

Cross-sectional Design “Cross-sectional designs involve studies of one group at a time and usually refer to a representative sampling of this group. Longitudinal Design Longitudinal studies are studies of the same group over a period of time and generally are studies of change” (Hagan, 2010). What are the pros and cons of using each? For Cross-sectional design research the disadvantages could possibly be an error in collecting the data that permits the participants to not be honest about past…