Creatinine

several ecchymoses. She was given one 4 mg dose of morphine and one 4 mg dose of ondansetron intravenously. Her complete blood count showed severe anemia (hemoglobin 5.6, hematocrit 17.4) and an elevated white blood cell count (13.7). Her BUN (59), creatinine (3.27), glucose (218) and total CK (834) levels were elevated while her estimated GFR (18) and albumin (3.1) levels were low. The occult blood test was positive. Orders for inpatient admission, transfusion of two units of packed red…

What Causes Kidney Failure Kidneys are the organs that help filter waste products from the blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cells production in the body. Sysmtoms of kidney failure are due to build-up of waste products in the body that may cause weakness shortness of breath, lethargy,and confusion. Inability to remove potassium from the bloodstream may lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death, initially kidney failure may…

Spiriva HandiHaler There are many types of inhalation equipment and devices on the market. I decided to research and compare the Spiriva Handihaler with the other bronchodilators. To find out why it was chosen for a resident where I work, who has C.O.P.D. I want to develop a broader understanding of the medication. It is important to be aware of the benefits or disadvantages of the medications that I dispense, in order for me to be thorough, and efficient in my job duties. Spiriva…

(2.9 g/dL). The packed cell volume in the SUPP group was 32.5% compared to 28% in the UNSUPP group. The analysis using the Ortho Vitros 250 showed differences in levels for everything besides carbon dioxide, amylase, low density lipoproteins, and creatinine kinase. All the differences except lipase were higher in the SUPP group, but lipase levels were higher in the UNSUPP group. The total protein, albumin: globulin ratio, albumin, alpha-2 globulins and beta globulins levels were significantly…

Diabetes is a disorder in the utilization of sugar, protein, and fats in the body due to insulin resistance or insulin deficiency. This disease is extremely prevalent. One report puts the prevalence anywhere from 0.5 to greather than 10 percent of the population.3 The prevalence is increasing as the population ages and is becoming more overweight. There are two forms of this terrible disease. Type one diabetes is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of beta cells leading to an…

any dose adjustment in patients with a CrCl > 50 mL/min. FDA has approved rivaroxaban 15 mg daily and edoxaban 30 mg daily in patients with CrCl 15-49 mL/min. A reduced dose of apixaban is recommended if two of three criteria are present: serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl, age ≥ 80 years, body weight ≤ 60kg. The recommendation regarding a reduced dose of rivaroxaban (15mg) in CKD was based on a second analysis of the ROCKET-AF (15). Among patients with mild or moderate renal impairment rivaroxaban…

insipidus (DI) presents with hypernatremia and consequent hyperosmolality in individuals with an impaired thirst mechanism or no free access to water. Hyperosmolality was found to be associated with rhabdomyolisis, a disease consist of elevated serum creatinine kinase (CPK) and myoglobinuria. Fluid resuscitation is the mainstay of the treatment to prevent life-threatening complications including acute hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury (AKI). We presents herein a first human case of…

recent research, that troponins levels might be elevated in certain non-cardiac conditions such as pulmonary embolism, sepsis and renal insufficiency inter alias[42]. It has been noted in patients with ESRD that, without any symptoms or signs of ACS, troponin level is elevated. Such findings put clinicians in a dilemma in the realm of diagnostics and treatment. Renal and cardiovascular diseases are intricately linked showing a moderately high level of co-occurrence. It has been noted that…

Acute kidney failure “Acute kidney failure starts with the kidney(s) failure in the process of filtering waste products from the blood.” (Mayo Clinic staff, 2016). When the kidneys can no longer filter well enough, the wastes start to add up in the blood of the body and the blood levels become imbalanced. This can happen over a few days or in a short period of time. Acute kidney failure is very common in people who are already in the hospital or patients in intensive care units. “Causes of Acute…

Problem #1 Diabetes Mellitus. Mr. Borg is borderline obese, with a BMI of 29.3. He has had a 40 pound weight gain in the past 10 years, and does not follow any specific diet plan. As reported by Mrs. Borg, he drinks two to four alcohol beverages a day. His hemoglobin A1c was high at 11.2%, indicating that his type 2 diabetes is poorly controlled (See Table 8). Mrs. Borg also reports that Mr. Borg has had decreased energy levels, difficulty losing weight, and no motivation. Per Mrs. Borg, he…