Council of Jerusalem

“Deus Veult!"- God wills it! cried Pope Urban II’s audience in 1095 at The Council of Clermont. This Papal sanction supposedly initiated the beginning of the First Crusade; a holy war designed to recapture Jerusalem in August 1096. Byzantine Emperor of Constantinople; Alexios I Komnenos appealed to Urban to request aid to resist the Seljuk Turks who occupied Antolia and the majority of Asian Minor. Pope Urban’s unusually secular desire for a legacy may have been a partial motivation for his…

The temperature outside was 73 degrees, but fuses were blowing at Tuesday’s City Council meeting. Continuing business from October’s meeting, councilmember Dale Reynolds requested that a special meeting be held in the interest of homelessness in the city. Having that meeting in the Multi-purpose Room with department heads from city agencies, two council members met on Wednesday to put their heads together to implement a way, to solve the ever growing problem. “Homeless people, whether they…

The First Crusade began in 1096 after Pope Urban II’s speech at the Council of Clermont in 1095. One version of Urban’s Speech at Clermont was recorded by Fulcher de Chartes, a priest who also participated in the Crusades. While this version of Pope Urban II’s speech is one of the more reliable sources of the said speech, there is still a great chance for bias especially as Fulcher de Chartes was a crusader himself. This one speech, whether or not it was an accurate recording of what Pope Urban…

Discoveries stemming from the Crusades’ driven hunger for gold and righteousness are explored in this paper along with contemporary examples of discoveries made to meet wartime needs. The Crusades began in 1095, launched by Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont. They were a series of military campaigns designed to conquer the Holy Land for the Church. The Crusades affected every aspect of European life. For example, crusaders…

“The Crusades - the most signal and most durable monument of human folly that has yet appeared in any age or nation.” (David Hume) Typically, historians question the events of history, how they happened, when they happened, or even if they happened. In the case of the Holy Crusades, however, the events, and how they occurred are not the source of contention amongst historians. Instead, the motivating factors that initiated the Holy Crusades are under scrutiny. Religion and its involvement…

Christ who would later have His own triumphal entry into Jerusalem, riding on a donkey. (John 12:14-15) The foremost and consummate antichrist type in the Bible is Antiochus Epiphanes. In the book, “The Understanding of Ornament in the Italian Renaissance”, by Clare Lapraik Guest, the author states that his processions, “contained temporal allegories and robed statues of the gods plus mythological scenes.” In 168 B.C. he conquered Jerusalem and built an idol to the god, Jupiter in the Jewish…

From Equality 7-2521 to Prometheus: The Transformation of the Protagonist in “Anthem” The protagonist in the novel “Anthem” by Ayn Rand undergoes three major transformations. These developments in the character are best exemplified by the character’s change in names. At the very beginning of the book, the hero of the story is identified by himself and all of his peers by the assigned title Equality 7-2521. After Equality meets his romantic interest, Liberty 5-3000, he receives a new name, the…

movement of many people was utilized instead, I believe the need for changes would have been realized quickly and intersection improvements made much faster. Another interesting learning point was the difference in communication the Pullman City Council and its officers had with me (as a sister) and the communication they had with a parent. Dialogue was much more compassionate with my mother and safety measures were outlined in a more detailed manner. Perhaps an example of implicit bias, it is…

The Bible is arguably the most important, physical component of Christianity. It is used as a guideline to show us the way to salvation, as well as a means by which we are able to know Him and His will better. Many, however, would question the validity of the Bible. Christians claim that the Bible is infallible, and “useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness ...,”(2 Timothy 3:16, ESV) but even Christians disagree as to what are legitimate books of the Bible. Given…

Art through India The excitement had been growing as I landed at the airport in Mumbai, India. I would to get see new sights, experience new culture and learn where my roots had originated. As I left the airport I was culture shocked by what I was witnessing. The sceneries, the people, the environment was so different from what I had been use too. The architecture had been ancient and had so much meaning. The temples or known as mandir’s carried sacred meaning. My experience with the different…