Cotyledon

Background Germination is when seeds undergo the process of turning into plants when the right conditions are given. These conditions include water, oxygen, temperature (some seeds may need a warmer/cooler temperature depending on the type of seed) and some seeds may also need a specific amount of light to germinate (https://extension.illinois.edu/gpe/case3/c3facts3.html). Seeds have an outer shell (seed coat) surrounding them. Inside the seed coat is the embryonic plant and the seed lives…

Flea beetles are pest of brassicaes, creating holes in the leaves and stems of seedlings. The seedlings are highly attacked as soon as they surface above the ground level and the damage of these beetles are very pronounced on young plants and even cause plant death. Some flea beetles are general feeders, others attack only particular types of plant. The flea beetle has a narrow host range to plants primarily in the brassicaceae. Most of the flea beetles prefer cruciferous plants which produce…

Cassava has the potential to reduce rural and urban poverty, increase farm incomes and also help to close the food gap. Family labour, land, a hoe and machete can be used to produce cassava, making it an attractive and low-risk crop for poor farmers. Also, cassava is available to low-income rural households in the form of simple food products (for example, dried roots and leaves) which are significantly cheaper than grains such as rice, maize and wheat. Similarly, urban households in many parts…

soybean plants, these plants grew to be a year old dropped their seeds, and their offspring grew for two weeks. We recorded the F2 generation by separating them by seedlings with dark green leafs, light green leafs, yellow leafs, green cotyledons, and yellow cotyledons. After our data was analyzed we used a chi-square test and answered more questions given to us about the data that we had…

PURPOSE To determine how germination and temperature of environment effect respiration rate of seeds. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Cellular Respiration: Is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to form ATP. Sugar + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP). In eukaryotic organisms, respiration occurs to maximize ATP production; this is contrary to anaerobic respiration, which occurs during the absence of a ready supply of oxygen (mostly in prokaryotic organisms).…

This experiment was performed at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette campus on March 7, 2017. Pots were prepared using 30 0.95-liter black plastic pots. Each pot was labelled sequentially from 1 to 30 along with the soil treatment it would receive, either 100% vermiculite or 90% vermiculite, and the planting density, either 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 seeds planted. The 100% vermiculite soil treatment was then prepared by using a clean 0.95-liter black plastic pot and adding 15 pots of vermiculite to…

An Investigation of the Effects of Cytokinins during the Germination of Brassica rapa Seeds Germination is a vital stage in a plants life, but it also plays a significant role in other animals’ (including humans) life cycle. It is the process in which a new plant grows from a seed. Due to the fact that plants are autotrophs; they use the process of photosynthesis to transform sunlight and make their own food. Germination occurs in gymnosperms and angiosperms when the seed is using its own…

We learn on the origins of the cell that the theory formulated sais all organisms are composed of cells, and the first living cells was prokaryote and it process the DNA but lack in the nucleus. Fossilized prokaryotes were found in rocks 3.5 billions of years, conditions of the earth were totally different of what it is today, also protocols are cell like structures complete with outer membrane. On the difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, is that Prokaryotes have smaller cells and…

Gregor Mendel: A Great Scientist Gregor Mendel was a scientist, born in 1822. He lived as a monk for a long time, most of his life. He is said to be “the only one who got it more or less right.” I am going to tell about his main discoveries and life. He published his ideas in 1866, but no one believed his ideas until about 1900, over 15 years after his death. He graduated High school and went to University of Olmütz in 1840 at age 18. His family owned just a small farm, and paid a lot for…

periods are nine months long and the estrus cycle is the same; lasting an average of 21 days. There are also differences like the type of placenta. Humans have a discoid shaped placenta, whereas cows have a cotyledonary placenta which is covered in cotyledons; 4 rows of approximately 15 per uterine horn. There are many methods employed to detect if a cow is pregnant. Trans rectal palpation of the uterine horns to determine if one is larger than the other and presence of fluid in the larger one…