Ferdoushi Akhtar Hashi Chowdhury 23/03/2018 Liability in Civil Engineering – A Case Study Carillion Construction Ltd v Woods Bagot Europe Ltd & Ors [2016] EWHC 905 (TCC) Introduction This report presents a liability case study regarding the extension of deadlines in civil engineering projects, and the damages that might occur as a result of these delays. The liability aspect of the dispute presented in this report are…
The Worthless Pennies What is the penny? To some its a coin, to some, its a waste of time and money. The penny should be abolished and is unnecessary in todays society. We usually throw our pennies in the road or in our car somewhere anyways so whats the point of even having them. I know that the penny is a reminder of the great president Lincoln, but the penny is just a waste now in the present. Even though pennies resemble Abraham Lincoln and are still used today, they should be abolished…
Luxuries Versus Necessities In today’s generation, people mislead the value of their luxuries over their necessities, rather than vice versa. There is multitudinous amount of luxuries that people value more than their necessities. There are also many ways as to how this topic refers to transcendentalism. To begin, most luxuries that people uphold higher than their everyday necessities, are those of little importance. For example, a phone is the most common luxury that is held at a higher…
According to Ronald Coase, founder of the Coase Theorem; the Coase Theorem is a theory in legal and economics that affirms that when there are complete competitive markets with no transaction costs, an efficient set of inputs and outputs to and from production-optimal distribution is selected regardless of how property rights are divided. In addition to that, according to Investopedia, “the Coase theorem asserts that when property rights are involved, parties naturally follow the most efficient…
1.1 Economic Fundamentals: Identify the factors of production and discuss their importance as the bedrock of the theory of the firm. The factors of production are the inputs used to manufacture products and provide services. These inputs include labor, land, and capital. The theory of the firm is a microeconomic model referring to businesses and corporations and how those entities exist to make profits. Firms interact directly with the market to determine the demand for their goods so they can…
would be sub-optimal because as long as it achieved its variable costs it makes sense because it has unused capacity. 5. Setting a market price for DIV A products when there is still no market for the intermediate product means that the managers have to find a comparable product to estimate the price for DIV B which might not be really…
advantage they must chart either one of three generic approaches, established by Porter. Cost leadership is the initial strategy in which Tesco can endeavour to have the bottommost costs in the business as well as propose its goods and services to a comprehensive marketplace at the bottommost charges (Felgate & Fearne, 2015). This strategy would be grounded on the Tesco’s aptitude to regulate their working costs so sound that they are proficient to price their merchandises competitively as well…
for higher prices, while buyers would offer less for certain goods or services. Through deals, they would come to a mutual agreement of price acceptance. Price is the only attribute in marketing mix that yields revenue, all other attributes produce costs (Kotler, 1997). Companies often use different pricing techniques to stimulate early purchase specially to accommodate differences in customers, products and locations. Marketers often refer to such pricing as discriminatory. Price…
after, during operations. 3. Tax Policies • Value Added Tax (VAT). Paid monthly using BIR form 2550M, this is the tax charged on the difference between your acquisition cost (including direct material expenses) and your selling price. The key point here is that the basis will be only on the “value” you added to your product cost. If you have a large profit margin, you will be paying more value added tax even if you do not earn any net profit. Companies whose projected sales are expected to be…
CYCLE COSTING LIFE CYCLE COSTING Life cycle costing is defined as the total cost throughout its life including planning, design, acquisition & support costs & any other costs directly attributable to owing / using the asset. Category of LCC capital assets: • Initial costs • Operating costs • Disposal costs SIMPLE FORMULA FOR LCC LCC= Capital + Lifetime operating cost + Lifetime maintenance cost + Disposal cost –Residual value NUMERICAL EXAMPLE 1. A company is planning a new product.…