Corticosteroid

Etiopathogenesis Crohn’s has a couple of genes that contributes to its existence. The most know gene is the NOD2/CARD15 “nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2” that is located on chromosome 16.This chromosomes main function is to help the body attack foreign invaders, it identifies the virus or bacteria and initiates the auto immune system to respond to the invasion. Mutations to this chromosome can increase the chances for a person to get Crohn’s disease, more than 40…

Got milk? Hopefully so because osteoporosis is the most common type of bone disease, affecting over 200 million people worldwide. It involves the loss of bone mass and mineral content which causes the bones to become fragile and brittle. This leads to a higher risk of fractures, or breaks and cracks, than in normal bone. Literally, the word “osteoporosis” translates to “porous bones,” and occurs when excessive bone is lost, inadequate bone is produced, or a combination of both. Living with…

Obesity is a growing problem in the US, its health effect is so deep and vast that they have long lasting impact on communities, on the whole nation and most particularly, on individual, today and in future generation. The Center for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that approximately 112,000 deaths are associated with obesity each year in the US (Su-Hsin, Pollack, and Colditz 1). Some of the causes of the obesity are lack of exercise, eating fatty food, culture, socioeconomic…

Asthma is characterized by the pathological changes in the submucosal glands, the increase of smooth muscle composition and hardening of the lamina reticularis; due to the recurrent inflammation and overproduction of mucus in the airways (Holgate & Sly, 2014). The inflammatory response is highly associated with the clinical symptoms of wheezing, coughing, short of breath and chest tightness (Cosio, Rosado & Rossi, 2012). The objectives of this essay is to discuss the pathophysiology of asthma,…

Saturated fats that are solids at room temperature are the most common dietary fats. Common sources of saturated fat include red meat, whole milk and dairy foods, cheese, coconut oil, palm oil, many other commercially prepared foods, most deep-fried fast foods and baked goods. The word “saturated” refers to the number of hydrogen atoms that surround each carbon atom. When the carbon atom chain holds as many hydrogen atoms as possible, we say it as saturated with hydrogen. A saturated fats rich…

concentration, increase salicylate toxicity due to decrease the pH Coticosteriods-increased the salicylate elimination toxic effect on gastric mucosa 2.Phenytoin Induces the hepatic microsmal ldrug metabolism Coticosteriods - decreases the serum corticosteroids levels Doxycycline - decreases the serum Doxycycline levels Quinidine - decreases the serum Quinidine levels Chloramphenical - increased the serum phenytoin…

Case Study: Clinical Biochemistry investigation into Addison Disease Introduction A fifteen year old male presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with his mother in St. Vincent’s University Hospital (SVUH) on the 8th September 2017 with suspected Addison disease (AD). On initial examination he was found to have severe abdominal pain and prolonged vomiting. Other symptoms could include fatigue, myalgia, weight loss and salt craving (Brooke & Monson, 2017). Laboratory Investigation and Results…

History Alopecia has likely affected humans for the longest of times, but it has been misunderstood until the modern era. A very common form of unnatural hair loss is Alopecia, which literally means “fox disease” referring to how foxes lose their hair. According to an article by the American Chemical Society (2002), the disease was first described accurately by Cornelius Celsus in 30 CE (Willis 80). Alopecia affects individuals with the disease by attacking their hair follicles. This causes a…

DISCUSSION The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of infliximab in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and to observe the presence of any side effects to infliximab. Infliximab tends to be used as a third-line therapy in patients with moderate to severe UC or as a rescue therapy [8]. However, experts have proposed that earlier use during less severe disease states (i.e., moderate UC) could benefit many patients [9] [10] [11]. Furthermore, infliximab can potentially attain the new…

1.) Susan is postmenopausal, so there is a higher risk for osteoporosis. She is also not on hormone replacement therapy. Estrogen helps preserve bone mass by inhibiting bone dissolving action of the osteoclast. However, Susan is also active and exercises regularly, so she is less likely to have osteoporosis. Other factors such as bone cancer could have led to the weakening of her bones. 2.) If Susan had bone cancer, the CT scan would reveal the presence of a tumor. The densitometry scan would…