Coronary circulation

Introduction Fontan and Baudet detailed in their article the first Fontan procedure in the early seventies [1]. Since then, the Fontan procedure has been applied for palliation of single ventricle (SV) patients. Multiple modifications of the original procedure were introduced to improve morbidity and mortality. Short and long term outcomes of the Fontan procedure were studied heavily by numerous investigators [2, 3]. Wellbeing of SV patients, following Fontan palliation, going into adolescent…

morbidity(3)”. Early diagnosis of heart attack reduce the risk of death, especially in those who older the 50 years(1,2). Also, the men between 55-74 years are the most of having diagnosed heart attack or fatal coronary heart disease (CHD)(1). The appearance of cardiac markers in the circulation generally shows myocardial necrosis and is a helpful aide to diagnosis(3). Based on several assessment findings A healthcare provider can diagnose a heart attack based on several assessment findings(3).…

The heart is a complex organ that we need in order to pump blood to our body. The cardiac cycle and blood pressure (BP) are two things that greatly affect how our body can function. Both are a part of the circulatory system. There are many diseases that can affect the cardiac cycle and the BP. These diseases can affect our circulatory system, lungs, and our heart’s ability to function properly. When the cardiac cycle and BP are affected then the body is in danger of being greatly damaged. The…

Transposition of the Great Vessels Transposition of the great vessels is a heart condition that is present in infants at birth and often known as a congenital heart defect or the more common term is the transposition of the great arteries(TGA). TGA is when the two main arteries, the pulmonary artery and the aorta, are switched in position, or "transposed". As a normal heart, deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body is pumped from the right side of the heart through the pulmonary…

life-threatening. In addition to the effects of a person’s respiratory system, tobacco can also affect the circulatory system. The circulation system involves your organs and circulates blood and conveys nutrients into the body. It’s important to realize that tobacco can cause high…

Cardiac failure is defined as complex syndrome as a result of structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs ability of heart to function as pump to support systemic circulation (Jenkins & Kirk, 2010, p. 127; Swearingen, 2016). Congestive cardiac failure is complex syndrome in which there is high risk of clinical signs and symptoms of decreased cardiac output and/or pulmonary or systemic congestion (Williams, 2014, p.…

Each individual must strive for a healthier lifestyle which can be challenging because one will have to eliminate certain favourites in life whether it be diet or hobbies. As defined by World Health Organization (WHO), it is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” REFERENCE HERE. There are many chronic diseases which affect people today in society, one of which is hypertension. Hypertension is also known as a silent killer,…

So when the arteries are dilated, the peripheral resistance that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood onto the circulation is diminished. Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate are absorbed organic nitrates that are absorbed by the endothelial cells of the blood vessel wall. These medications are converted into nitric oxide in the vascular muscle through a sulfhydryl- dependent…

failure, occurs when your heart muscle doesn't pump blood as well as it should. Certain conditions, such as narrowed arteries in your heart (coronary artery disease) or high blood pressure, gradually leave your heart too weak or stiff to fill and pump efficiently.” Web. . January 12, 2016 There are contributing factors that can lead to heart failure such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure. Management of these diseases such as daily exercise, weight loss,…

substantial intake could easily lead to obesity and diabetes. Nevertheless, scientists have found that chocolate has many nutritious substances that can help boosting health. Regular dietary intake of plant-derived foods and beverages reduces the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Cocoa, the main ingredient of chocolate, has many beneficial values to health system. According to a recent discovery, cocoa contains a chemical called polyphenol which support cardiovascular health by…