Coronary circulation

to meet the body’s needs. Due to the inadequate blood circulation, it results the leaking of fluid from the capillaries and is where the “congestive” part of CHF comes from. While as cardiac arrest means the heart has suddenly stopped functioning. Congestive heart failure can affect both adults and children, but mainly impacts men and women at the age…

Statins represent a class of cholesterol-lowering agents used for the treatment of dyslipidemia (abnormal amount of lipids) and the reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Their broad and potent effects on the lipid profile and cholesterol-independent pleiotropic cardioprotective effects positioned them among the most prescribed medications worldwide. Statins were introduced in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a novel group of cholesterol-lowering drugs in attempt to offer…

The Coronary Arteries The main branches of the aorta are supply routes to the heart muscle itself. There are two fundamental coronary corridors: the left principle (LM) and right coronary veins (RCA). The left primary coronary supply route separates into two fundamental branches: the left foremost diving (LAD), which keeps running down the front of the heart, and the circumflex course (CX) which keeps running behind the heart. Branches of the LAD are called corner to corner conduits and…

frequency domain, Brain Heart journal, 1994;71:1-2 2. A Malliani, M Pagani, F Lombardi and S Cerutti, Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability: a tool to explore neural regulatory mechanisms, American Heart Association, 1991, 84:482-492 Circulation 3. Andrew H. Kemp, Daniel S. Quintana, The relationship between mental and physical health:Insights from the study of heart rate variability, International journal of psychophysiology 89,2013, 288-296cle 4. Brian Olshansky,…

signaling protein that supports new blood vessels growth. It acts as a part of the mechanism that reinstates the supply of blood to the tissues and cells when they are denied of oxygenated blood to compromise blood circulation. VEGF increase up regulates the collateral circulation in the coronary bed. A study carried out on one-legged bicycling revealed that a slight rise in capillary to fiber ratio was noticed. The mean fiber area was detected to have also slightly increased [4]. Increased…

This occurs due to the blockage of the main arteries that supplies to the right or the left side of the heart. For instance, the left coronary artery occlusion can result in anterolateral infarction of the myocardium. If the occlusion occurs in the right coronary artery, necrosis occur the posterior aspect of the heart (McPhee & Hammer,…

Non-ST Segment Elevation Heart Attack A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel on the surface of the heart (coronary artery) is blocked and interrupts blood supply to the heart muscle. This causes that area of the heart muscle to permanently scar. This blockage may be caused by cholesterol buildup (atherosclerotic plaque) within a coronary artery. The plaque cracks which creates a rough surface where blood cells attach, forming a clot. Chest discomfort that happens with exertion and goes away…

structural defects such as ASD or VSD. Too little blood reaching the lungs also cause many defects. Tricuspid atresia and pulmonary atresia are defects that fall under this category. Tricuspid atresia is categorized due to decreased pulmonary circulation and cyanosis from lack of oxygen. The tricuspid valve, an important component structure of the heart, is blocked and hinders blood from leaving the right atrium to the right ventricle. In the case of pulmonary atresia, the pulmonary valve is…

1 – Introduction Haemocompatibility is an evaluation of the effects of medical devices on blood and the blood components which they come in contact with. It confers to a set of properties that indicate the ability of the material to come in contact with the blood without resulting in adverse reactions. In terms of regulatory requirements, the material is tested in relation to 5 main test categories: Thrombus Coagulation Platelets Haematology Immunology Problems with haemocompatibility…

of action. If a patient is diagnosed with a STEMI it is pertinent to apply reperfusion therapy, a therapy that restores blood flow to an organ or tissue. A reperfusion therapy that is not as widely available, but is more effective is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (Boateng, 2013). The other reperfusion therapy that is readily available but not as effective…