Cooperative extension service

Cocking The stage of cocking first begins when the throwing arm moves backwards and starts to extend at the elbow joint. To start, the humerus is abducted and then extended. The movement of flexion is then created at the elbow. The movement of extension then occurs at the hip and knee and plantarflexion occurs in the ankle. The center of gravity of the athlete’s body is lowered due to the knees and hip flexing. The final part of cocking begins when the front leg hits the ground. Follow-Through…

Nine muscles insert on and move the humerus. First, the pectoralis major originates on the medial half of the clavicle, one side of the sternum, on the costal cartilage (1-7) and the aponeurosis of the external oblique. It inserts on lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus. The pectorals major flexes, medially rotates and adducts the humerus. Second, the deltoid originates from the lateral half part of the clavicle (anterior fibers), the acromion of the scapula (lateral fibers)…

R.W.Barfield (1998) Biomechanics of kicking in soccer. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of angle of approach on kicking accuracy. Accuracy kicking is necessary for successful kicks from penalty mark. The study included 7 male amateurs recreational soccer player aged 26+/- 3years, body mass 74-80 kgs, stature 1.74 +/- 0.06 m, who were right foot dominant. Kicking kicks from penalty mark at 0.6x0.6 target at the full size goal post according to their self selected approach…

joint. This allows the elbow to make extensions and flexion. The extension involves the Triceps brachii and anconeus (the continuation of the tricep brachii). Flexion is involving the; Brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis. - The bending of a joint part so that the angle decreases and the two parts come closer together, it called Flexion. The straitening of a joint increasing the two parts to move apart, is called extension. Anything beyond extension is called, Hyperextension which…

Electrical stimulation: Eight self-adhesive 7x13 cm oval carbon electrodes were adhered to the skin over the quadriceps and hamstring muscles (four electrodes per leg). These muscles were selected because of their ease of access, clinical importance, and large size, which we reasoned would yield the greatest potential for altering energy expenditure. The distal margin of the distal quadriceps electrode was placed over the distal-most palpable border of the vastus lateralis. The proximal…

of the ground. The muscles being used to cause extension of the hip and knee are the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius and the vastus medialis. The hamstring muscles (semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris) and the popliteus muscle help in the flexion of the hip. The gluteus Maximus, gluteus medius and the gluteus minimus muscles also aides in the movement phase causing a concentric contraction in this phase and extension of the hips. The muscles in the wrist,…

neck and head making moving against gravity difficult. At points Aaron presents with extension synergy pattern when startled or excited. His posture is asymmetrical as he keeps his head turned to the left and flexed down.…

movement focuses on the lower half of the body, primarily using the joints in the hips, and the knees, and ankles in both legs. These joints, along with the help from many muscles, allow the necessary movements to be performed, such as plantar flexion, extension, and flexion, in order to execute backwards marching properly During the process of backwards marching, one lifts onto their toes in a fluid motion, this requires the use of the ankle joints. The ankle joint, also known as the…

I have chosen a skill from an extra curricular sport activity I participate in outside of school. It is called skipping. The skill I have chosen is one of the many skills I have learnt from participating and competing in this sport. This skill requires many different muscles, bones, joints and their actions. Before I perform my skill I jump over the rope twice quickly and then slowly once. To jump over the rope, I use flexion to bend my elbow joint, moving my radius and ulna in a circular motion…

Introduction Lateral epicondylitis also known as “Tennis Elbow”, is a chronic condition that presents pain in the lateral portion of the the elbow. Frequently seen in sports that require a repetitive motion of forearm flexion and extension, such as tennis, pitching, golf, javelin throwing, and fencing, the muscles that are typically involved, but are not limited to, include the extensor muscles.(1) This muscle group encompasses the extensor carpi radialis brevis and the extensor digitorum…