Constructivism in international relations

Is cooperative engagement only an idealistic strategy or could it be the first step to a very effective foreign policy that leads other nations towards the goal of international peace and security? Issues like, climate change, infectious diseases, or economic crisis are problems that can reach beyond a state’s borders, yet they have the potential to cripple a nation. The world is facing a new type of war, one that is different than other wars in the history books. The United States’ new foreign…

The state system has been imbedded in international relations and international politics since the creation of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 AD. The Westphalian ‘state system’ saw the end to the destructive thirty-year war in the seventeenth-century, creating a peaceful resolution to end the conflict and establishing territorial sovereignty. The fundamental roles states have been assigned include create justice and order, welfare, freedom, unity and most importantly protection of the people…

In order to develop a thorough understanding of a concept, it is imperative to define the concept in a concrete manner, therefore, the definition for political theory must be defined to make a judgement on the best point of departure for it. Political theory is the understanding of the world in the state it was naturally supposed to be combined with how it is now and forming the laws and legitimacy of government from that state. In this paper, I will posit that the state of nature is the “best…

to respond. However, we must keep in mind that our actions will affect our power struggle, and the respect that other countries have for the United States of America. In the article that I found (Burrows 2017,1) there is an ongoing problem in international waters, in which a Spanish…

actors are integral parts of the world system and that states still remain the primary actors. In light of these three notions, it is advantageous to examine globalization for what it is: hyper-capitalism, as capitalism is and always has been an international affair. Both Strange’s and Gilpin’s interpretations strengthen this argument. In Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel’s Communist Manifesto, they describe capitalism as a system that not only transcends borders but also benefits from the state’s…

value independence and self-reliance. Ayn Rand, a Russian-American novelist,a champion of individual rights , in her celebrated works Anthem and The Fountainhead upholds the cause of Individualism manifested in characters like Equality 7-2521,International 4-8818,Liberty 5-3000 and Howard Roark. The bloody dictatorships in Anthem couldn’t alter the very terms in which humans think as to eradicate the vocabulary of individuality.Consequently, main characters, in successive episodes of purposeful…

It is these areas of overlapping that become interesting as they illustrate the maxim, “The personal is political and the political is personal.” The two parts of the study show how Changez’s life becomes an eddy caught in the cross currents of international geopolitics, especially in the aftermath of the attacks on the twin towers of WTC and what it means to be a Pakistani, however privileged, in America in the midst of such literally earth-shaking events. The second part looks at the no less…

Scholars like Hans Morgenthau, Henry Kissinger and Kenneth Waltz who are mostly associated with realism consider anarchy as the primary characteristic of the international system meaning that there is no central authority to settle disputes among competing member states. States therefore compete with each other due to the lack of a central authority. Realists view the world in terms of competition and conflict whereby there is a recurring struggle for power and its management. Kenneth Waltz…

absence of effective political order.” This disparity between a merely functioning and existing with or without lawful authority in States in the north compared to ineffective legitimate States in the South is essential to understand the political relations in today Somalia.…

Globalization is the “organization that links distant communities and expands the reach of power relations across regions and continents.” The expansion of state borders, due to globalization is enabling a “global community”. There has been recent controversy within politics surrounding globalization, on whether it is beneficial to the global society or detrimental to individual states. Globalization has had a negative effect on citizenship. Firstly, the weakening of state power has shown a…