Conserved sequence

The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor is an important protein in human function. LDL receptor is the main protein that binds and carries cholesterol to maintain homeostasis in mammalian cells. In human plasma, it is also the most abundant cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein (Goldstein and Brown, 1987). It plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic disease caused by the accumulation of LDL-cholesterol in the blood. The LDL receptor is also the main protein that is…

GENE REGULATION There are several different levels at which a gene’s function can be controlled: at the level of chromatin, transcription, RNA-processing, translation, and even post- translationally. There are evolutionarily relevant reasons that might explain the levels at which different genes are controlled. (3 points each) For each of the following scenarios, indicate which level of gene control you might expect a cell to use and a brief statement of why this type of control makes the most…

The sequences shown above are the best hits from a BLAST search with (xl3). prbp3: third dsRBD of protamine binding protein, trbp3: third dsRBD of TAR-RNA binding protein, Dros: a dsRBD from a Drosophila protein of unknown function. DMStau, a type B dsRBD from…

and archaea against bacteriophage infection. It was first reported as part of the genome of Escherichia coli and, during the next years, other bacteria and archaea were reported to also present the CRISPR cluster. Cas genes were reported to be conserved in these organisms as well. Basically, CRISPR consists of CRISPR-associated genes (Cas genes) and the CRISPR array, which is a series of direct repeats and spacers that correspond to the nucleic acids of the bacteriophage. In this system, CRISPR…

known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) (10, 11). It is one of three RUNX proteins found in humans, all of which possess a highly conserved 128 amino acid Runt DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus. The Runt domain is important for binding with consensus sequence (PyGPyGGTPy) in DNA and with core binding factor subunit beta (CBF-β) (12). CBF-β heterodimerizes (13) with RUNX1, enhances RUNX1 affinity for the DNA by 10 fold (14) and stabilizes…

as tetramer made up of two heavy and two light subunits. The heavy subunit containing the active site contains a conserved pair of copper-binding sites referred to as Cu(A) and Cu(B) which are coordinately bonded to a distinct set of 3 histidine residues His87, His108, His117 and His239, His243, His273 respectively. The identified tyro isoezymes α, β, γ, and δ, have different amino acid sequences but the same binuclear three copper center. Tyrosinase can exist latent state known as zymogen and…

genes. A homeobox gene can contain a shared sequence that is 180 base pairs or 60 amino acids long referred to as the homeodomain. Homeobox genes have a multitude of functions including regulation of patterns, anatomical development (anterior-posterior), limb differentiation, the binding of DNA, and regulation of transcription. Due to the major role that homeobox genes play when it comes to providing the body plan for animals they are highly conserved evolutionarily. That high conservation has…

include, but are not limited to, the reduction of life-shortening oxidative damage. Using Honey bee genome sequence it was discovered that there were 38 antioxidants that have all the key components of the enzymatic antioxidants system³. The comparison of the study with Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae shows that though there are basic components of the antioxidant system that are conserved, there are important and key species difference in the paralogs³.Some of these key components…

Biological parameters were evaluated for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis . The most useful are enumeration of white blood cells (WBC ), total number of neutrophils (TN), the immature relative to the total neutrophils (I / T) and C-reactive protein (CRP) . [ 4-7] However, despite the number of available tests, none of them is absolutely reliable for early and accurate diagnosis . Several cytokines, such as IL -1B , IL-6 , IL- 8 and TNF -a are important mediators in the systemic host…

stranded RNA genome with negative-sense. The genetic information is packaged as a ribonucleoprotein. The RNA genome of the virus encodes five genes whose order is highly conserved. These genes code for nucleoprotein (N), glycoprotein (G), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), and the viral RNA polymerase (L). The complete genome sequences range…