Conjunctiva

Ranging from anatomical aspects of wisdom teeth and ear muscles to the behavioral palmar grasp reflex and goosebumps, to the molecular pseudogenes, human vestiges are quintessential imperfections of human evolution (Vieth, 2010). Synonymously referred to as evolutionary “leftovers,” vestigial structures are residual features derived from an organism's predecessors that have lost most or all of its ancestral function (“Evidence for Evolution,” 2016). The existence of vestigial structures is often…

What can be done to prevent vision and hearing losses with aging? Aging also affects vision and hearing. With age, the elderly' vision and hearing deteriorate. The lens muscle fibers lose their elasticity and become rigid which decrease the ability to focus properly. Additionally, the pupils become smaller which makes their eyesight less accurate. The older adults also have problems seeing at night and are very sensitive to brightness. Presbycusis is defined as “reduces the ability to hear, s,…

(1) Patient Information: Katie, 65yrs, F, Caucasian, What insurance do you have? S. CC: Cough started a week ago and not getting better. HPI: Katie is a 65yrs old female came to the clinic along with her son in law, Patrick with c/o cough, which started a week ago and is not getting better. Cough is worse at night, and it wakes her up from her sleep. She also c/o pain on her right side of the chest muscles due to cough. She is feeling very tired and gets easily winded when she takes her daily…

Subjective: CC (Chief Complaint): “Cough and sore throat X 3 days”. PHI: Mr. M. B is a 38 year old black male who presents in the clinic with c/o cough and sore throat over the last 3 days. The patient reported productive cough with greenish sputum. Patient also reported nasal stuffiness, post nasal drip, and itchiness in ears, eyes, and nose. The onset of CC started 3 days ago. M.B. Described sore throat as a dull aching pain, constant 10/10 which is aggravated by coughing and swallowing.…

Animal testing has been used for 150 years, various tests can be performed, and all have many different purposes. During the 17th century, William Harvey was one of the first, recorded people to conduct a studies on animals. His objective was to conduct several studies on animal to pinpoint how blood circulated. During the 19th century the use of animals, for scientific research had boomed, along with anesthetics. Due to this, in 1876, the Cruelty to Animals Act was passed, making it the first…

Each day while walking through the dorms, in the halls, and in the restrooms I see it. My skin crawls just seeing how normalized this inhumanity is. Now I’m not talking about some horrific criminal behavior, some deliberate heinous act. The atrocity I am seeing is as inconspicuous and tame as a simple tube of mascara. I am talking about the widespread use of animal testing on the cosmetic products we use every day. From hairspray to lip gloss, beauty products are routinely tested for harmful…

Boeck) created the term "sarkoid" as the lesions resembled sarcoma, though benign. Shortly preceding his death, he published a considerable study of 24 cases of "benign, miliary lupoids". Out of these cases, some exhibited involvement in the lungs, conjunctiva, bone, lymph nodes, spleen, and nasal mucous membrane. As a result, what was seen as a curious dermatological condition by Hutchinson in London became known as a multisystemic disease in Oslo. In Sweden, S, Lofgren linked erythema…

Andrea, a 43-year-old G4P4 premenopausal woman, returns to your office after the results of her PAP smear indicate a concern. Identifying data: Ms. A is a 43 y/o Caucasian female. Referral: None Source: Patient Reliability: Seems reliable Allergies: NKA Subjective CC: Follow up Pap smear result HPI: Andrea, a 43-year-old G4P4 premenopausal woman, returns to your office after the results of her PAP smear indicate a concern, the test was done during the routine…

Introduction Eye enucleation is surgery to permanently remove the eyeball (globe). The space that remains (socket) after the eyeball is removed will be filled with an artificial eyeball (implant). Muscle tissue will be sewn onto the implant to keep the implant in place and to give it some movement. The natural eyeball may need to be removed because of: Injury. Diabetes. Tumors. Eye disease such as glaucoma. Inflammation or infection of the inner eye (endophthalmitis). A painful, blind eye.…

No tenderness or swelling noted in sinus ' and has no history of sinus infections. Eyes are symmetrical, brown in color, positive perrla assessed, pupil size of 3mm in both eyes. Patient states she has never had any problems with her eyesight. Conjunctiva pink and sclera white with no redness or drainage from eyes. No deviated septum to nasal passage. Oral mucosa free of lesions while mucus membranes pink, moist and intact. Multiple dental caries present to teeth. Patient states she “frequently…