Congo Free State

Is action free or determined, Spinoza argues that it is determined but there is a freedom of will in the doctrine of the conatus. This view rests on three metaphysical positions that Spinoza advocates for, namely immanent necessitarianism, reductive naturalism and monism. All that exists and has is and will happen is immanent and inevitably going to happen. This he argues is because nature is constructed by a free uncaused cause (that which has no external constraint). This uncaused cause…

the Eighth Section of the First Enquiry, Hume takes on the matter of Free Will and Determinism. The section takes on the problem of how the science of his time implies the world, and consequently human beings, is deterministic, while at the same time people’s own understanding of their lives implies that they have free will. Hume makes an argument using his ideas about knowledge and causation, to claim that determinism and free-will are compatible with each other. This section makes use of…

In our textbook it states that “when such questions are raised in connection with belief in God or gods, we may describe them as issues of theodicy, or “divine justice” (Cunningham, pg. 102) The definition for theodicy in our text explains it as being “the attempt to answer questions about the sacred arising…

God is the creator of man’s mind and as a result man thinks rationally, rather than by sheer instinct like an animal. Man’s mind, or intellect, confers upon him the ability to think reason and remember. Above all this man’s mind is still limited. “But, as the Tanakh says, ‘No eye has seen, no ear has heard and no one’s heart has imagined all the things that God has prepared for those who love him.’ – 1 Corinthians 2:9 Even the greatest minds in the world have no comprehension of what greatness…

virtuous God. Through the logic expressing that everything generated by God is good and thus, God did not create evil, Augustine defines evil as the depravity of goodness that recurrently befalls mankind as a consequence of man’s poor application of free will. Perhaps the basis of his argument is best illustrated by his question, “Where then does it [evil] come from since the good God made everything good…

While a curse certainly is something more mal-intended, a hex gets lumped under the same umbrella. Whether one considers interfering with another's free will or not to be unethical does not change the fact that a hex is neutral spell. Rather, it is up to the practitioner to decide whether a hex is something they want to incorporate into their arsenal of worship and spells. In non religious works, such…

Determinism According to Ted Sider and Earl Conee, the apparent fact that conflicts with the existence of freedom of the will is that every event has a cause. This apparent fact is also known as determinism. To see why determinism conflicts with free will, the concept of cause and effect must be examined. A cause is an event that makes a later event happen and once that event happens it must take place due to the laws of nature. With the belief that determinism is true, then a sequence of…

Stuart Rachel’s, they go into depth about the topic free will. They both decide to discuss what the topic means and the many ways we can ration out if we actually free. In other words, what makes us free or if we succeed. They want to catch our interest in this question in order to get out attention to read over the topic. In the beginning of the Determinist Argument, they start off with a quote by novelist, Isaac Bashevis who states “I believe in free will. I have no choice” (Rachels an Rachels…

The 3rd Reflective Essay Amr Eid Radwan Are we free? - Exploration of Will by Exploiting D’Holbach’s Arguments - P eople always want to believe that they are free. But is this the truth? Are we the ones who determine their fates? Are there any external factors that cause our actions? These questions can be taken philosophically and psychologically, but in this essay, we will focus only on the…

One of those theories is the ‘Free will’ theodicy. This states that “God had to allow for the possibility that humans would do evil in order to give them Free Will.” In other words, if God made a world without evil, he would have to make it impossible for human beings to do any evil. Doing so would take away their free will and their self-awareness, which was given to Adam and Eve. Many see free-will as something that leads to ethical evil. Representatives of free will, such as humans, are able…