Concentration

osmosis and diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of a hydrophobic substance across a semi-permeable membrane without the use of cell energy from a gradient area of higher concentration to an area (either inside or outside of the cell) with a lower concentration gradient. This process will continue until a balanced level of concentration can be reached between the environment and the cell. A couple of examples of the types of hydrophobic substances that can be moved through the process…

the viability of leukemia cells. Introduction IC 50 stands for “half maximum inhibitory concentration” (2). IC 50 represents the concentration of the compounds that required for 50% of cell death. The IC 50 assay is used to determine the potency of the drugs which used as treatment of cancers (1). In the previous experiments, 20,000 cells/mL was the optimal number of leukemia cells, which was the concentration of cells given the absorbance values between 0.75 and 1.25 in MTT assay. Moreover,…

The calibration curve observed in this investigation was the relationship measured between the concentration of the cobalt solution, or CO(NO3)2, and the absorbance of the wavelength. As it was impossible to measure the true standard curve, the data points and subsequent graphs demonstrated the qualitative information collected and the trend of these values. The calibration curve closely resembled a straight line, with only minimal deviations in either direction. This indicated that the…

When a cell is submerged in water, the water molecules pass through the cell membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration. For example, if the cell is submerged in saltwater, water molecules move out of the cell. If a cell is submerged in freshwater, water molecules move into the cell. When the membrane has a volume of pure water on both sides, water…

solubility is whether that solid can dissolve in specific solvent or not. When a solid dissolve, the ions that comprise the solid will disperse in the solvent thus create a different concentration distribution within the solvent solution. Thus we can view this as a flow of ion from high concentration to low concentration (there’s a flow of ions) Electrical activity is the ability for electron to travel within the material. Specific solid material molecule will have free electrons to conduct thus…

The cell has several different ways that it allows molecules and ions to cross its membrane, including bulk transport, osmosis, passive transport, and active transport. The purpose of the cell membrane is to protect the cell and only allow specific substances to cross the membrane, such as amino acids or water. Lipids hold the membrane together, along with proteins and carbohydrates. These lipids are saturated or unsaturated, and have a hydrophilic head. The tails hold the membrane together due…

the different concentrations of alcohol. The graph shows a control which has no significant change in mass. As the alcohol concentration increases along the x axis, the weight of the cell decreases along the y axis. Alcohol in this experiment is the solute and water is the solvent. Lets just take the 50% alcohol solution for example. The water inside the cell is hypotonic because it has less of the solute (alcohol). The solution in the cell's environment has a higher concentration than the…

salt concentration on quality of sauerkraut prepared from mature cabbage head. Cabbage sample were chopped in small pieces and mixed with different salt concentrations ie., 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 % and allowed to ferment for preparation of sauerkraut at ambient condition. Acidity of sauerkraut increased with increase in fermentation period and it reached maximum on 21 days after fermentation and thereafter it decreased in all the salt treated samples except with 2% salt concentration where…

During this experiment that was conducted in partners, the concentration of RNase H that was purified in the previous experiment #6 was determined and also the concentration of an unknown given solution using their absorbance values obtained from the spectroscopy apparatus. These concentrations were calculated using the equation of the line produce with the values of the concentration (x-axis) and corresponding absorbance (y-axis) of five protein bovine gamma globulin standard solutions. In…

surrounding environment: 60%detergent, which is shown in the figures below. The four figures below are a set of data that were collected and analyzed the effects of time, salt concentration and ionic compositions on the rate of diffusion. Both figure one and two show a set of measurements between two different salt concentrations representing their absorbance versus time. Both figures one and two have six trend-lines that are all deceleration curves. In figure one, at the initial time of…