a. Introduction Lujo Hemorrhagic Fever is caused by a bi-segmented negative RNA virus that is one of several viruses known to cause viral hemorrhagic fever. The Lujo virus is part of the Arenaviridae family, which consist of several viruses categorized into two groups. The Lujo virus is categorized in the “Old World” group, which signifies that the virus in question was found in the Eastern Hemisphere, specifically the continent of Africa. The majority of the arenaviruses categorized in the…
Background Main Goals To find out the origin, population dynamics, natural selection, and seasona periodicity of the VP1 gen of EV71 (common cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease(HFMD)). To get a better understanding of the disease. How Did the Main Questions Raise Up? Human EV71 is known as one of the most common causes of the hand, foot, and mouth disease which is often occur in young children and infants. The EV71 was first found in the United States in 1969 and then the EV71 associated…
undergo an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure to create an embryo while selecting the physical, cognitive, and behavioral traits they desire for their child-to-be (“The New Eugenics: The Case Against Genetically Modified Humans”). Although, as stated above, the appropriate accountability and oversight is mandated to those who disregard the regulatory reforms by each country. Gene therapy has also been noted that critics view gene therapy as the ability to “play god” which has the potential…
Discussion Immune reaction to viral invasion is important to combat virus growth and to minimize any damage that can be imposed on the host cells [30]. In this study, the host immune response in the bursa of Fabricius, an organ mainly colonized by B lymphocytes, was assessed upon infection by the avian virus NDV genotype VII IBS002 and genotype VIII AF2240. The cell population in the chicken bursa was evaluated by flow cytometry and the results showed that in normal chickens, this organ was…
We have recently published DeNovo, a prototype model for predicting virus-host protein-protein interactions (PPIs). All previous research was focused around predicting HIV-human interactions for lack of data for the other viruses. DeNovo is the first model to allow predicting the interactions between human and any virus, even if that virus has no known interactions with human. In DeNovo-II, the output of this deliverable, we developed the prototype DeNovo to a full working prediction model…
An infection happens when a foreign organism attacks a human body. There are different types of organisms that can cause us harm, for example; Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi. Not all infections are the same; some are mild while some can end up being life threatening. Also, infections can be contagious; they can be transmitted by a variety of ways, for example; skin contact, airborne particles, touching an object that an infected person has touched. One of the very common and effective ways to…
Introduction: Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genes affect an individual’s response to drugs. This is a new field that combines pharmacology (the science of drugs) and genomics (the study of genes and their functions) to develop fruitful, safe medicines and doses that will be customized to a human genetic makeup. Now drugs that are available are “one size fits all,” but they do not effective for every person. It is very tough to augur that a person get benefit from drug or not, and…
today I will be talking to you about the rabies virus. I will cover what rabies is, what organism causes this disease, and how it affects the body. I will also discuss the signs and symptoms, transmission, treatments or cure, and prevention of the rabies virus. What is rabies? Rabies is a type of zoonotic disease. A zoonotic disease is a disease that is transmitted by animals to humans. According to the Merian-Dictionary, the rabies virus is an acute virus disease of the nervous system of…
It is generally accepted that a virophage is a viral agent that infects other larger viruses. It is a dsDNA virus which utilizes the replication factories of other viruses to reproduce itself. Virophages are essentially parasitic in nature, much in the same way as traditional satellite viruses. It is not without controversy that distinctions between satellite viruses and virophages are described. The difference between the two often seem more semantic than factual and more supported by…
Bee, Wasp, or Hornet Sting Your caregiver has diagnosed you as having an insect sting. An insect sting appears as a red lump in the skin that sometimes has a tiny hole in the center, or it may have a stinger in the center of the wound. The most common stings are from wasps, hornets and bees. Individuals have different reactions to insect stings. • A normal reaction may cause pain, swelling, and redness around the sting site. • A localized allergic reaction may cause swelling and redness…