Common-ion effect

Experiment 3 titled “Physiologically Important IONS” and the purpose of this lab is to become familiar with metal and nonmetal ions and mostly important in biological and physiological processes. Also, to become familiar with tests to determine the presence or absence of ions as well as to estimate approximate amount. To begin, when a solution is tested, make sure you observe everything and note everything. This is lab, we will test some positive ion and determines if it’s an anion or a cation.…

It was determined that Substance A is a covalent molecular substance as it is a liquid at room temperature and therefore has a low melting point which is a property of a covalent molecular substance. Substance B was found to be a metallic substance as it demonstrated properties such as high melting point, conductivity as a solid etc. Substance C was found to be a covalent network structure as it did not conduct and was very hard and had a high melting point. Both Substances D and E were very…

so important to the human body. The definition of an electrolyte is “any fluid that conducts electricity, such as this new saltwater solution, is known as an electrolyte solution; the salt ions of which it’s composed are then commonly referred to as electrolytes”(Nate Morrow 2012 pg 1). “There are several common electrolytes found in the body, each serving a specific and important role, but most are in some part responsible for maintaining the balance of fluids between the intracellular ( inside…

: The chemical formula of a compound will be determined using the mass of each individual element that is present in a weighed sample of that compound. The chemical formula shows the proportions of elements in a specific compound. This proportion is uniform to all samples of the same compound. Using the mass of each element, the moles of the element in the compound can be found and then compared to that of the other elements. This will create our atom ratio which will lead to our mole ratio. The…

Gyorgi decided to test the effect of vitamin B2 on vitamin H deficiency in rat. He broght in the service of Wagner-Jauregg. In 1933, Three researchers found that extracts of yeast, liver, or rice bran that did not have thaimine did prevented the growth failure in rats that were fed a thiamin supplemented diet. Further, they noted that the yellow-green fluorescence extract promoted rat growth, and they notcied that the brightness of fluorescence was proportional to the effect on growth rate.…

Electronegativity is based upon the atoms strength within the element to attract electrons to form bonds. Now atoms like to fulfil the octet rule of having a perfect 8 outer shell causing it to be stable. Now unfortunately not all elements have a full outer shell now elements on the left side of the periodic table contain less than half of electrons the required energy to gain electrons is much higher than comparison to trying the energy to lose an electron. So the elements on the left side when…

Salts and molecules have different properties because salts are ionic compounds and molecules are covalent compounds. Justification: Salt is an ionic compound. An ionic compound is formed by ionic bonding between ions of opposite charge. Sodium Chloride and Potassium Bromide are both salts that have an ionic compound. Both elements have the properties of salts which include soluble in water, conductive, and a relatively high melting point. Molecules and Sugar molecules are covalent compounds…

31. cis/trans isomers Isomers are compounds with a similar substance recipe however extraordinary structures. The structures of these isomers vary in the introduction of the two chloride particles around the Co3+ particle. In the trans isomer, the chlorides involve positions opposite each other in the octahedron. In the cis isomer, they possess contiguous positions. The distinction amongst cis and trans isomers can be recollected by taking note of that the prefix trans is utilized to portray…

equilibrium, meaning that external and internal forces on the equilibrium can shift toward the reactants or the complex. External forces are changes to the chemical or physical environment that effect the equilibrium. Internal forces are changes to the bonds or chemical nature of the complex itself. These effects are used to study the optimal chromogenic reagent, meaning that any changes to the system should not change the performance of the chromogenic agent. The chromogenic reagent is the…

1.3. AMORPHOUS STATE The amorphous state of solids is composed of molecules that have a disordered arrangement, which do not constitute to the characteristic of the crystal grid and, therefore, have zero crystallinity. The distribution of molecules in the solid amorphous form is not entirely random as it is specific to a gaseous state because it has a certain degree of order between neighboring molecules. Due to the lack of regulation and the absence of a crystal grid, compared to the crystal…