Common carotid artery

They function is to circulate the blood around the body to all the muscles. The red blood cells carry oxygen to all the muscles through the vein (carries blood to the heart). The veins have thin walls and contain blood under the low pressure. The arteries (carries blood away from the heart) have thick muscular walls and small passage ways. They contain blood under high pressure. The last blood vessels is the capillaries (found in the muscles and the lungs). They are one cell thick, and have low…

- Inner Layer; An inner endothelial cell layer called tunica intima lines the arteries and veins. The tunica intima, is a single layer of squamous epithelial cells that lines the inner surface of the entire cardiovascular system. In many veins, the tunica intima is equipped with pockets that act as one-way valves. These valves prevent the back flow of blood and allow the veins to act as supplemental pumps that help to keep the blood following in one direction, back toward the heart. The activity…

My group did our dissections on the Frog, they belong to the Chordate phylum because of its endoskeleton, and their nerve cord that runs along the spinal cord and connects to their brains. This means that they have a central and peripheral nervous system. Back to their brains, they’re divided into three parts, the fore-brain, mid-brain and hind-brain. The fore-brain controls the frogs sense of smell (the Olfactory lobe), along with the cerebral hemispheres, and diencephalon. The mid-brain…

diseases can be obtained from sodium. High Blood Pressure is the first objective we will discuss. High Blood Pressure is an indicator to how much pressure the blood puts on the walls of the arteries. Blood Pressure is determined by blood volume and this tells how much blood is being circulated in the arteries. Anyone who has high blood pressure must watch how much sodium intake they consume. Also, high blood pressure can cause serious health problems. I am also going to talk about the heart…

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is also known as stroke for short. A stroke is a disease that does not allow the arteries to carry oxygen to the brain. They are the fifth top causes of casualty in America. Knowing the signs and symptoms of a stroke and seeking medical attention may decrease the risk of death. There are a few diverse types of strokes, Transient ischemic attack, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic strokes. The first one is transient ischemic attack also known as TIA; it is a clot…

blood clots collect in the small blood vessels that supply the lungs. Symptoms include fever, chest pain, dyspnea, chills, and hemoptysis. Pulmonary infiltrates are common as well as pulmonary hypertension, and the majority of patients are hypoxemic (Paul, Castro, Aggarwal, & Oneal, 2011). Splenic sequestration is another common complication; rising when the sickle cells become clogged and are trapped in the spleen causing rapid splenomegaly and pain (National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute,…

The heart is a hollow organ that sits in the mediastinum cavity, the heart itself is surrounded by a sack known as the pericardium. The most inner layer is the epicardium the outer layer is the parietal pericardium and in between these two layers is pericardial fluid. In a normal heart a person usually contain 30-50mL of pericardial fluid. The tough layer that surrounds the parietal layer is the fibrous pericardium. The fibrous tissue sack provides physical protection to the heart by not…

This technique can be used with all strains and for single and repeat samples. Use of the artery is normally used for larger volume samples or for arterial blood, but carries a greater risk of haematoma and bruising (Diehl et al., 2001). Local anaesthetic cream (e.g. EMLA cream) can be applied to the site 30 minutes prior to blood sampling.…

abdomen, or around the brain.A blood clot that forms in the arteries is differed from the blood clots that form in the vein. The reason is that the blood clot in the arteries leads to strokes, transient ischemic attack (TIA or mini-stroke), heart attack, or peripheral arterial clot and gangrene which is the death of body…

Hypertension is a heterogeneous disorder that may result either from a specific cause (secondary hypertension) or from an underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of unknown etiology (primary or essential hypertension). Secondary hypertension accounts for fewer than 10% of cases, and most of these are caused by chronic kidney disease or renovascular disease. Other conditions causing secondary hypertension include pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, primary…