Common bile duct

MEDICINE CASE REPORT SURGERY CORE CLINICAL CLERKSHIP Introduction Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy due to its clinically silent nature. Patients most often present with jaundice due to compression of the common bile duct, pain that develops insidiously and weight loss. Treatment is accomplished surgically; however, only 15-20 percent of patients are candidates for surgery and 5-year survival post surgery is only 25-30 percent in node-negative and 10 percent in node positive patients 1. Due to its aggressive nature, it is imperative that early…

Cholecystitis is an inflammation of gallbladder and associated with the Cholelithiasis (stones in the gallbladder) which is a common disorder of the biliary system of the body. Composed of cholesterol can form gallstone in the gallbladder and gallstones can cause cholecystitis by obstructing the cystic duct resulting in oedema and inflammation of gallbladder (William, & Hopper, 2014). Acute Cholecystitis is the absence of stones this is known as acute or chronic acalculous, it is usually a…

Memoir My Grandma’s name was Joann Hassel she was a woman who loved her family and she touched every one’s life that she met. Grandma loved to bake, make and paint ceramics, watch her grandkids play sports, and tell stories. She used to tell stories all the time and to every one she knew and I’m going to tell you her final story. October 26th 2016, was the day my grandma was diagnosed with bile duct cancer. Bile duct cancer, also called cholangiocarcinoma, is a cancer in the tubes that…

pepsin? Why is it secreted in an inactive form? 1. What is the role of pepsin? Why is it secreted in an inactive form? Ans: pg. 902, 904 – a) break peptide bonds between amino acids; b) in the inactive form pepsinogen, it cannot digest the proteins in the chief cells that produce it 23. What are the functions of gastric lipase and lingual lipase in the stomach? Lingual lipase aids in hydrolyzing (breakdown) triglycerides into fatty acids and diglycerides while Gastric Lipase hydrolyzes…

It usually affects the 3rd and/or 4th parts of the duodenum. Presents with vomiting of the gastric contents (usually contain bile). Duodenal atresia It is complete occlusion of the duodenal lumen as a result of failed recanalization. It usually affects duodenum just distal to the bile duct opening, and associates with polyhydramnios (excess of amniotic fluid). Presents after few hours of birth by bile stained vomiting. The diagnosis is usually predicted by seeing a ‘double-bubble sign’ on…

Peristalis starts near the gastroesophageal sphincter causing the stomach wall to ripple. Small amounts of chyme filter through the pyloric valve via a back and forth pumping action. Depending on the size and contents of the meal the stomach empties chyme into the duodenum within four to six hours. As chyme enters the duodenum, receptors in the wall signal an inhibiting mechanism for acid and pepsin secretion. When fatty chyme enters the duodenum cholecystokinin is released, which stimulates…

medicinal value of dandelions is not so well known, and these beneficial plants are often sprayed with herbicides by people who want to discourage them from growing in their lawns. Dandelion is a perennial plant native to Asia and Europe. It was brought to North America during colonial times and now grows widely throughout the US. The name dandelion is derived from the French "dent de lion" which means "lion's tooth," because of the jagged shape of the leaves. Some common names for dandelion…

Gallstones are formed when a chemical imbalance in the bile chemical makeup occurs and roughly effects about 10-15% of all Western adults.4 In the human body, the gallbladder produces bile which is made up of components of not only bile salts and phospholipids but also cholesterol. When the liver secretes an excessive amount of cholesterol or an increase consumption of salt and water, build up of cholesterol occurs in the gallbladder forming a gallstone. Often, gallstones are small enough to…

Gallstones are not that unordinary. They happen to numerous individuals around the globe. Be that as it may, don't give up, there is something the Chinese thought about and now they have imparted to the world. Our gallbladder is a 4 inches organ with the type of pear. It is set under the liver. The gallbladder stores the bile, a blend of fluids, fat and cholesterol. The bile deteriorates the fats of the sustenance in the digestion systems. The gallbladder conveys the bile in the small…

In this phase, solid is placed into the mouth and the lips are shut by the orbicularis oris facial muscle (VII). The food is mixed with salvia and masticated with the teeth, so it can pass through the esophagus for digestion. Sensory recognition is critical at this stage and the movement and timing patterns in this phase varies depending on the viscosity. The salvia and food has now created a bolus in which lateral movements of the tongue and mandible are made. Furthermore, the soft palate has…