Cofactor

Fava bean has over the years being a good source of various nutrients and dietary supplements. Fava bean has no saturated fat or cholesterol and contains a high concentration of some B family vitamins, vitamin K, potassium, copper, selenium, zinc, magnesium, iron, isoflavone, and dietary fibers. A serving of cooked or fresh fava beans can significantly increase your intake of dietary fibers and all nutrients that can benefit your health in many ways. POTASSIUM Potassium is a vital mineral to…

The rate of respiration of yeast, using two saccharides and an amino acid, in combination with the cofactor of magnesium, was determined using respirometers. A positive control sample of yeast and water, and a negative control sample of glucose, sodium fluoride and yeast were also employed. After seventy five minutes, the sample containing glucose, magnesium and yeast showed a markedly higher production of CO2 than the other samples. This result supported the hypothesis that glucose is the…

1. Explain how an enzyme works, and how a coenzyme or cofactors may be involved in an enzymatic reaction. An enzyme is a type of protein that is produced by living organism, that also speeds up a chemical reaction without actually being involved in the reaction itself. Reactions occur under mild conditions; enzymes also control the metabolism, by taking out nonspecific side reactions. Enzymes catalyze each step of the chemical reactions in a metabolic pathway. In order for this to happen, all…

starting concentration of riboflavin as well as the consumption rate of the vitamin in media, when analyzed at different activation times. The decrease in riboflavin over time makes sense as the bacteria and archaea in the media use the vitamin as a cofactor in the digestion of cellulose as well as with other sugars and fats. (2) The The LOD and LOQ of the acetic acid solution were well below the concentration standards used for riboflavin, though the LOQ was close to the riboflavin values when…

Anxiety? Foods That Can Help Make You Calm Anxiety seems to be a part of life for all of us. Technologies have brought about incredible multitasking and it just never ends. Nevertheless, there are many ways to combat anxiety and food is one of them. The idea is to maintain a healthy blood sugar level by taking in healthy fats and proteins while avoiding foods that are heavily laden with sugar. You’ll want to stay away from foods that contain caffeine and other stimulants. This kind of…

The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it…

aiding in glycoprotein synthesis. It is a cofactor for collagen synthesis and cross linkage. It has been recommended that 10,000-25,000 IU’s a day can benefit wound healing. Vitamin C is necessary for hydroxylation of lysine and proline in collagen formation as well as cross linking. It protects tissue from super-oxide damage and enhances tissue regeneration. It is recommended to provide 500-1000 milligram a day in patients with pressure ulcers. Zinc is a cofactor in over 100 different enzyme…

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions and are inexhaustible. They can increase the rate at which reactions occur by up to a factor of 10^19. The material that is being acted on by the enzyme is called a substrate. Enzymes work because they can bind to the transition state better than the substrate, which lowers the activation energy causing the speed of a reaction to accelerate. The enzyme combines with a substrate at the enzymes active site which creates the enzyme…

Aortic graft infection is rare and carries a poor prognosis. The conventional managements for prosthetic graft infection are surgical debridement, removal of the infected graft, and reconstruction with the new graft prosthesis. However, these approaches are not feasible for some patients with anatomical difficulty of excision or severe comorbid medical illnesses. We report a case of aortic prosthetic graft infection treated successfully with long term antibiotics without surgical intervention. A…

This inborn error of metabolism is characterized by a deficiency in phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase activity, due to mutations in the Phe hydroxylase (PAH) gene. Phenylalanine hydroxylase is responsible for converting Phe to Tyr and requires the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), molecular oxygen, and iron for its action (Blau et al., 2010). The reductant, BH4 is maintained in the reduced state by the NADH-dependent enzyme dihydropteridine reductase. Decreased PAH activity results in elevated…