Chapter:-1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction:- A Wind Tunnel is tool used in Aerodynamics research to study the effect of air moving past solid objects. A wind tunnel consists of a tubular passage with the object under test mounted in the middle. Air is made to move past the objects by a powerful fan system or other means. The test object, often called a wind tunnel model is instrumented with suitable sensors to measure aerodynamic forces, pressure distribution, or other aerodynamic related…
support, revealed no change in the permeation coefficient (5.2x10-3 cm/s) at higher carrier concentrations (0.1-0.9 M) against the value of 2.9x10-3 cm/s obtained for a 0.22 M HAp composite solution in toluene. Accordingly, to Eq (3) and considering the value of 4x10-3 cm/s as the limiting permeability value, the thickness of the aqueous diffusion film is calculated as 2.8x10-3 cm. And assuming a value of 10-5 cm2/s for Daq (average diffusion coefficient) , then daq= 5.3x10-3 cm. This value…
variable (customer satisfaction) is positive. 2. X1 regression coefficient = -0.016 means that if the service of dimensions X1 has decreased; the level of customer satisfaction will decrease, assuming other variables constant. 3. X2 regression coefficient = 0.185 means that if the services of the dimension X2 has increased, the level of customer satisfaction will increase, assuming other variables constant. 4. X3 regression coefficient = 0.224 means that if the service of the dimension X3…
by third, reputable party as a factor in FDI decision making ,094 ,257 ,069 ,365 ,718 ,749 1,334 a. Dependent Variable: An average annual amount of DI by company in last 3 years (mill BAM) Source: Authors (SPSS) By looking at unstandardized B coefficients another regression model is formed, this one with rational factors in FDI decision making. The model is given below. (2) Equation (2) shows contribution of each predictor variable (factor involved in FDI decision making based on standard…
experimental study it is found that the heat transfer rate in notched fins is more than the un-notched fins. The average heat transfer coefficient increases with the heater input. It is clear that for the given heater input, average heat transfer coefficient of notched array is 30 to 40% higher than corresponding un-notched array. The average heat transfer coefficient for notched fin is better than un-notched fins. Also the copper gives more heat transfer rate than aluminum plate. As the…
The decomposition of income inequality by various income sources allows us to find out whether forest source plays any important role to improve income distributional pattern among these forest fringe households. The decomposition of income inequality by income source is given by table 5 and figure 1. The income distribution is similar within rich and medium households compared to medium household having different estimates. The question is; does forest income have any role to alleviate…
5. 3. 4 Typical application and thermometric error Consider a typical application such as the measurement of surface temperature by a surface mounted thermocouple as shown in Figure 5.9 (a). Figure 5. 9 : (a) Surface mounted thermocouple in Example 5. 1 (b) Thermal resistance network model Heat loss from the thermocouple is modeled as shown above by discussion leading to Equation 5.3. Thermocouple attached to the surface of a massive solid whose temperature we would like to measure.…
Diffuse Optical Tomography is non invasive, non ionizing functional imaging modality used for detection of brain tumor and breast cancer. A forward model design depicts the placement of laser source and photo-detector around the tissue boundary. The light propagation on the phantom takes place in Near-Infra-Red wavelength. The incident light on the tissue boundary was absorbed and scattered. The scattered rays are detected by the photo-detector and scattered voltage of the tissue was measured.…
By disregarding air resistance, it would be expected that the initial height of the tennis ball would not influence COR. This is because the initial height of a ball is directly proportional to the bounce height. Therefore, when calculating the coefficient of restitution with a constant ratio of bounce height to initial height, the resulting COR will be constant. However, in reality, it is likely that the bounce height will increase less than the initial height, because air resistance will not…
measured. The lift coefficient for the aerofoil was calculated and compared with the published NACA data, the effect of the leading-edge slat is determined using the wind tunnel experiment. Also understand the aerofoil characteristic in terms of fundamental fluid dynamics. The coefficient of pressure (C_p) is calculated by the ratio of static pressure (P-P_∞) over the dynamic pressure of the free stream (1/2 ρU_∞^2) using the equation: C_p=(P-P_∞)/(1/2 ρU_∞^2 ) . The lift coefficient (C_L) is…