Clinical trial

by another trial with 107 patients, where 31% of the patients had an impartial response, with a median duration for 2 years. Of these responders, 15 responded to the therapy by 8 weeks during the first assessment, 12 had continued responses for minimum of 4 months after ending the therapy, while 17 had responses but left the program unexpectedly. Now, nivolumab use has achieved an improved outcome in patients with melanoma and NSCLC (Mahoney et al. 764-782). Moreover, a Phase III trial was…

evidence and testimony. The Frye Standard and the Daubert Rule have brought new standards in which scientific evidence and expert witness testimony is allowed in court as evidence. When it comes to an expert witness, he or she has to be certified by the trial judge, as well as have the knowledge, education, and experience. An expert witness testimony in a legal proceeding has been the subject of heated debate regarding the fact there have been innumerable instances where scientific evidence has…

and low C3 or C4 serum levels; exclusion criteria were severe lupus nephritis (proteinuria > 6 g/24 h or creatinine > 2 mg/dl), severe active neuropsychiatric lupus, potentially life-threatening SLE manifestations and ongoing or planned pregnancy. Clinical scores (i.e. SLEDAI-2K score, SELENA-SLEDAI Flare Index, SLICC/SDI score), daily prednisone intake, and laboratory parameters (i.e. white blood cells, anti-dsDNA antibody, C3 and C4 levels) were collected at baseline and at…

General Medical Council (GMC) are the body which govern the registration of medical practitioners across the United Kingdom. In 2009 a 2nd edition of ‘Tomorrow’s Doctors’ [1] was published which outlined in more detail the GMCs standards of knowledge, clinical and practical skills and the behaviour expected of all undergraduate medical students. The job of the GMC regulations is ‘protecting, promoting and maintaining the health and safety of the public’ [1]. This ensures the best patient safety,…

One example that could have produced these kind of results is the placebo effect, where people improve because they expect to improve. In addition, anecdotes “may not be representative of most instances of a phenomenon” (Lilienfeld, & Landfield, 2008, page 1221). To support his claim, David Pickup must follow-up on his clients to see if these homosexual feelings have completely dissipated. This is necessary as there have been cases, including in the Spitzer Study, where some subjects stated the…

Introduction The Placebo effect, sometimes referred to as “sham effect,” is an advantageous effect produced by a fake treatment. It focuses on the minds ability to trick itself by using the individual's belief in that treatment. If the individual believes that a treatment will work, it can begin to seem as if it is actually working, and or actually work. It is seen more often than one would think and is normally associated with placebo pills and shots. These placebos do not contain any…

Rufinamide (Banzel) was designated as an orphan drug for use in the treatment of seizures that are caused by Lennox—Gastaut syndrome in patients older than four in 2004 by the FDA (Food and Drug Adminsitration).¬¬¬¬¬1 Lennox—Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a epileptic disease, commonly found in children, that is characterized a high rate of injury from seizures as well as a wide range of treatment-resistant seizures. In the past treatments were inadequate, leaving patients without much, but after the…

Both my partner, Emily Rood and I are intrigued by the placebo effect in medicine, thus choosing to answer the following question as our topic: Is it permissible to prescribe placebos without the patient knowing? A placebo is a harmless medicine given to patients by their physician to mentally induce healing for the patient. The placebo is purely physiological because the patient believe that he/she is receiving a medicine to cure a discomfort, but the actual medicine doesn’t alleviate the…

using an oscillometric device instead. Clinical practice guidelines can help standardize treatment plans and assist healthcare professionals when making educated clinical choices (Jun, Kovner, & Stimpfel, 2016). This essay will discuss guidelines, updating practices, nurses being educated on guidelines and forming a question surround guidelines Clinical guidelines must have the best evidence available, helping the health professional but not replacing clinical judgment, skills or knowledge…

It is combined with clinical judgments and patient’ preferences to obtain an outcome which is the best quality cost -effectiveness of patient care. It is not only important for nurses to know the right thing to do but also to know why it is the right thing to do. For example some nurses know that a particular method must be implemented but ignore the scientific reasoning behind it, which means they don’t know what research support the method. Some nurses implement evidence based practice method…