Citric acid

Methods Each trial consisted of isolating the hearts of two mice, aged anywhere between 8-15 weeks, with the strain FVB/NJ of the Mus genus. Eight trials were conducted throughout the duration of the experiment. No female mice were used for any of the trials because because the research in the lab concentrates on males, due to known differences in protein expression among the two sexes. The effect of the VU591 drug on mitochondrial KATP function in wildtype mice was measured by calculating the…

Cell respiration is affected when the heart stops. Cells are using up ATP. Therefore, carbon dioxide is building up in the cells and the PH levels cannot balance themselves. Glucose is needed to start glycolysis. Glycolysis is a series of chemical reactions that produces ATP from the glucose. Oxygen is needed for the mitochondria. The mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of cells. Carbon dioxide is not being released. The cells begin to die and the transport pump then stops working.…

The purpose of the cellular metabolism lab is to determine the effects of inhibitors and other variables on the rate of metabolism in the Krebs Cycle. Inhibitors compete with the substrate to bind to the enzyme, thus slowing down the production of FADH2. When the production of FADH2 is slowed down, the reaction will proceed too slowly for metabolic purposes. In this lab, the enzyme that was catalyzing the reaction was the bean extract. To mimic the FAD that is used in the Krebs cycle, we used…

In mammals, many functions of the body are made possible with the help of ATP. ATP is made is bulk in the mitochondria, thus, the body relies heavily on the mitochondria’s supply of ATP to make life possible (McCormack, 523). Regulation of this process, by default, is important as well. The body regulates the oxidative metabolism through placing in the regulator sites, that can increase or decrease the production of ATP through changing the concentration of (McCormack, 523). The…

The mitochondrion is an organelle which produces ATP or energy for all cells. The ATP produced by the mitochondria can be used to measure certain physical activities of fruit flies. In this experiment the development, climbing, flight, and in vitro activity of Drosophilia Melanogaster flies were tested. Three different strands of flies were used. One strand was the wild-type (wt) fly, which had normal mitochondria without any mutations. Another stand was the W501 strain (hybrid) which had…

Phospholipids Phospholipids are a kind of lipid that are well suited to both their biochemical and physiological function. They comprise of a glycerol backbone with a phosphate head and two fatty acid tails. The tails are hydrophobic, meaning that they do not interact with water. When a group of phospholipids come into contact with water they arrange themselves in a bilayer that hides the hydrophobic parts from the aqueous surroundings. This leaves the head of the phospholipid in contact with…

31 - Describe the biochemistry of the Cori cycle and the glucose–alanine cycle. How are they regulated and under what physiological conditions are they activated? The Cori cycle and glucose-alanine cycle are two mechanisms that involve cycling of nutrients between the liver and muscle. Lactate and alanine are two glucogenic molecules that are each converted to pyruvate via a series of enzymatic reactions in the liver to ultimately be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis and transported…

phosphate energy system 2) Lactic acid energy system 3) Aerobic energy system The Aerobic & Anaerobic Systems Aerobic System The aerobic system requires…

stage of cellular respiration is Krebs cycle, this cycle happens in mitochondria in eukaryotes and also in cytoplasm in prokaryotes. There are many steps to this cycle however enzymes, and catalysts have a big role in individual reactions. The pyruvic acid in created by reactions in glycolysis go through multiple reactions and create carbon dioxide and other products. The next stage in aerobic respirations is electron transport chain. In this stage multiple reactions create energy for cells.…

Stephanie Riccardo Miranda Kearney 90126 What is DNP? Even though cellular respiration has different parts to it that contributes to different outcomes, it has an overall goal. The overall goal of cell respiration is to make ATP and water. Cellular respiration requires oxygen and it generates carbon dioxide. Gases are exchanged with the environment. Energy is neither created nor destroyed, so energy starts in chemical bonds of organic molecules, but ends up in ATP bonds. Chemical energy is…