Citric acid

PDHPE Assignment PART 1 Creatine What are Creatines? Creatine is a organic acid that occurs in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to cells in the body. This is done by the formation of adenosine triphosphate. Benefits of Creatines Creatine may benefit the performance of athletes in sport. More work is needed to gain mussel and make this drug work. Athletes will need to experiment with creatine to determine whether they respond with this drug. This is best done under the supervision of a…

hydrolysis into fatty acids. This led to the discovery of adipose-triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and its coactivator protein called CGI-58 [2]. Lipolysis is the process of lipid breakdown and triglyceride(TG) hydrolysis into glycerol and three fatty acids. Lipolysis plays a significant role in providing energy to the cells in the…

For football, the requirement of this sport is not high than glycolysis and oxidative because of the movement. The movement that needed for this sport in ATP-PC energy is sprinting, jumping, kicking, dribbling, passing, catching (keeper) and heading. That the movement the needed for usage of ATP-PC. This energy system is use for high-intensity short bursts which mean it use in short period only and not for long period. For example, the players want to sprint to catch the ball. The phase from he…

The idea that free radicals, and in particular reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from normal metabolism could be the primary cause of aging was proposed by Harman in the early 1950s. Years after proposing the Free Radical Theory of Aging, Harman updated this theory with the “mitochondrial theory of aging” (Lee and Wei 2012, Bereiter-Hahn 2014), proposing that mitochondria accumulates oxidative damage caused by ROS toxicity as the organism ages. The reactive oxygen species produced from…

placed at the beginning of the effort and allows the formation of 3 molecules of ATP from a molecule of glycogen and forms 2 molecules of lactic acid which will hydrolyze in protons H + and anion lactate . During intense and short-term exercise, when proton transport shuttle systems begin to be exceeded, H + ions by combining with pyruvic acid form lactic acid, which causes accumulation of the lactate in the cytosol .In addition, when exercise increases in intensity and duration an ammonium…

Demonstration of Cellular Respiration Inside Lima Beans Cells in Vitro Purpose: Cellular respiration is a series of metabolic reactions that take place in the mitochondria and produce chemical energy in the form of ATP by the breakdown of food molecules.There are three processes involved in cellular respiration; glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. During this processes, glucose is oxidized by a series of redox reactions and its electrons and hydrogen ions are donated…

[2]. The cyanohydrins and their derivatives are finding wide applications in industries like pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and cosmetics since these can be readily converted into other important molecules like α-hydroxy carboxylic acids, α-hydroxy ketones and β-amino acids [3]. The HNLs have been reported, purified and characterized from several plants e.g. almond (Prunus amygdalus), flax (Linum usitatissimum), cherry (Prunus serotina), peach (Prunus persica), capulin (Prunus capuli), rosary…

Introduction Subcellular fractionation is when the cellular components separate due to ascending centrifugation speeds. Different cellular components can be separated by densities to form a pellet or supernatant after each centrifugation. This process is used to separate nuclei and mitochondria. Nuclei is a very dense organelle in the center of the cell coordinating the cell’s actions: growth, metabolism, protein synthesis, reproduction. The nuclei also will pellet after the 1st low speed of the…

Touch football is a physically demanding sport requiring the extensive use of many systems of the body. It is important for an athlete to properly train and develop these energy systems to perform to their highest potential. I have constructed a training program in order to develop upon my two weakest areas, muscular power and the combination of speed and agility. The average to poor results I received during fitness testing reflected my performance in the vertical jump test, 40m sprint, and the…

Cellular respiration is “the catabolic pathways of aerobic and anaerobic respiration, which break down organic molecules and use an electron transport chain for the production of ATP” (Campbell G-6). The chemical equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+energy. During that multi-step process, organic molecules are oxidized and catabolized down to carbon dioxide. The energy that is released during this breakdown is captured by the electron carriers, which is any of various…