Citric acid cycle

Alka-Seltzer can be used for migraines, sinus headaches, symptoms of colds and fevers, menstrual cycle pains and muscular pains in the body. When Alka-Seltzer is placed in liquid, it breaks down into smaller parts and becomes one with the solution. This is called a decomposition reaction. Once the Alka-Seltzer pill has completely dissolved, the solution…

Preservatives Ascorbic acid is a form of vitamin C and is used as an antioxidant preservative. Ascorbic acid and its salt such as calcium ascorbate are added to food to slow down the oxidation reaction, which, for example, causes browning of newly-cut apples. Increased acidity caused by the addition of vitamin C addition, helps to prevent microbial growth and therefore preserves the freshness of the product. Provided there is good manufacturing practice, the amount of ascorbic acid that can be…

Organic Acids An organic acid is an organic compound with acidic properties. The most common organic acids are the carboxylic acids, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl group –COOH. Sulfonic acids, containing the group –SO2OH, are relatively stronger acids. Alcohols, with –OH, can act as acids but they are usually very weak. In general, organic acids are weak acids and do not dissociate completely in water, whereas the strong mineral acids do. Lower molecular mass organic acids such…

antacids are the strongest. During the experiment there will be several test tubes filled with a “natural acid-base indicator” (Fleishman). Then, antacids will be dropped into each test tube. This will answer the question, “Which antacids are most potent in changing the color of the acidic solution?” The strength of an acid or base is designated by its pH on a scale of 0 to 14 (Fleishman). A pH of 7 is thought of…

molecules of fatty acid molecules and a glycerol molecule and its catabolism follows two pathways to generate ATP. The four molecules are separated by a hydrolysis degradation reaction. The three fatty acid molecules enter a pathway that consists of Beta oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, and electron transport chain. The substrate involved in Beta Oxidation include the three fatty acid molecules, coenzyme A, NAD, FAD, and ATP. The Beta Oxidation process involves activation of the fatty acids by…

From Beginning to End and Back Again: An Analysis of Cycles in Bei Dao’s ‘At the Sky’s Edge’ At the end of Süskind’s Perfume, Grenouille realizes how much he actually hates people and decides to return to Paris where he allows himself to be torn to pieces and consumed by those drawn to his perfume. Grenouille was born to a fishwife that left him and many other illegitimate infants die, but unfortunately Grenouille was rescued and lived a life void of love and emotion. Grenouille turned out to…

made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids. In order for a triglyceride to be broken down, it must pass through 3 stages; the Beta Oxidation Stage, the Citric Acid Cycle or CAC, and the Electron Transport Chain. Two byproducts of Beta Oxidation and CAC are NADH and FADH-2. These two byproducts go on to the Electron Transport Chain to create the energy called ATP. A fatty acid is made up of a chain of carbon and hydrogen bonds, which are hydrophobic, and a carboxyl acid group at one end, which is…

oxygen3. Serratia Marcescens is a gram negative bacterium. Gram negative bacteria have a thin cell of a single layer of peptidoglycan that is enclosed by an outer membrane. The outer membrane is surrounded by special phospholipids composed of fatty acids called lipopolysaccharides that are attached to a glucosamine…

is a neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (a salt) and water; the resulting pH is closer to 7. The general chemical equation for a neutralization reaction is: Acid + Base Water + Ionic Compound This can also be considered as a double displacement reaction. However, since the reacts are an acid (carbonic acid) and a base (sodium hydroxide) and the products are a salt (sodium carbonate) and water…

go to 7 or 7.8, it can be deadly. The blood buffer contains carbonic acid which dissociates into bicarbonate acid and hydrogen ions. This equation can also be reversed; it is a chemical equilibrium. If the hydrogen ions rise, bicarbonate accepts the hydrogen ions and the equilibrium shifts left thus making the blood acidic. When the blood becomes acidic, acidosis…