Ciliate

observation was that the two species flourish when they were grown separately and in the mixed beaker, Pa thrived while Pc lessened. The population dynamics or changes in the size of population over time, included carrying capacity and important graph shaped curves. Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum of how big a population can grow, following stagnation and finally decreasing. The data presented is by sigmoid or S-shaped curve also known as logistic growth. Knowing about population dynamic is important because it sets the stage for prediction of carrying capacity. Moreover, competition was chosen from the abiotic and biotic elements because we wanted to verify if it was the competition of food that did not allowed the two species of ciliates to coexist in the same niche. The hypothesis was if the Pa and Pc were isolated, they would grow at an average rate because of the lack of competition for food, while the mixed solution would cause one to diminish its population in size. Procedure Procedures are as states in the Laboratory Manual for Biology 182 on pages 120-121 of exercise 9. (Bowker, 2015). Results Figure 1 Figure 1: Paramecium Aurelia (Pa) and Paramecium Caudatum (Pc) were used as the controlled group and PaMix and PcMix as the coexistence environment. The following was recorded over five weeks to measure competition. Conclusions In the Pa control (Figure 1), Pa grew logistically, but without evidence of a lag phase. From days 0 to 7, Pa was in the…

Paracrine Signaling Signals that act locally between cells that are close together are called paracrine signals. Paracrine signals move by diffusion through the extracellular matrix. These types of signals usually elicit quick responses that last only a short amount of time. In order to keep the response localized, paracrine ligand molecules are normally quickly degraded by enzymes or removed by neighboring cells. Removing the signals will reestablish the concentration gradient for the signal,…

measures in ocular units, one of which is equivalent to 1.7 µm (Biology Department, 2015). In this past experiment, compound light microscopes were used to observe and differentiate between a selection of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Methods There were four different parts to this experiment. Each part was executed independently of the others in the following order: prokaryotic bacteria and yeast, elodea cells, human epithelial cells, and ciliates and flagellates. Every part required one to…

(Yaeger RG, 1996). My reasoning behind this is that it had already been proven to work (when using mascara) in the UK experiment and that it is a larger size than Blepharisma japonicum - which would make it easier to see and therefore easier to tell how a product affects it, since ciliates move very quickly and can be hard to count. In fact, they can be so difficult to track that it is nearly impossible to count them without slowing them down, which is why I will be adding drops of Protoslo (a…

measuring telomere growth in a process called ADDIT. The enzyme responsible for DNA repair, ATM kinase, also increased the length of telomeres. They also found if an enzyme called PARP1 was blocked ATM kinase would activate and increase the length of the telomere in normal mouse cells. In the early 1980s, Carol Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn, identified the presence of telomerase. They found that telomerase contained RNA that is used as a template to regenerate telomeres and a protein that…

extinction in all three temperatures (Jiang and Kulczycki, 2004). In the competition interaction group the Paramecium lived with the Colpidium at temps 22 degrees Celsius and 30 degrees Celsius, but went extinct at 26 degrees Celsius. They are unsure of why this occurs though. This means that competition from Colpidium significantly decreases Paramecium abundance and that the competition from Colpidium alters the response of Paramecium to temperature. The experiment should have also included…

streams. Oxytricha have hairlike projections, cilia, that helps them for feeding and movement. The beating of the cilia helps oxytricha by propelling them forward rapidly through the water. From the cilia, oxytricha use them to sweep food particles into its gullet, indicating that they are heterotrophic. The size that oxytricha ranges from are 40 to 240 micrometres. Oxytricha possesses two nuclei, a macronucleus and a micronucleus, the macronucleus containing most of the genes that the cell…

amoeboid motion (Biology Department,2015).Flagellum has a whip-like structure which enables the cell motion. Cilia are a hair like structure which surrounds the cell and enables its movement. Amoeboid motion which is moving with false feet called pseudopodia. In this lab we will observe the examples of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and will try to identify their cellular structures and organelles (if any). It will help us to learn a lot about the smallest unit of life. Method Five different…

Introduction Movement speed of Stentor is dependent upon the temperature of water in the environment surrounding Stentor. Stentor is a member of the Phylum Ciliophora. Stentor are ciliate unicellular protozoa which is one the largest singled celled organisms (Webb, 2007) Stentor are found in waters that are calm usually near the surface on different plants (Webb, 2007). Stentor use cilia to consume food and movement. Stentor are ectothermic organisms, which means that Stentor body temperature…

due to this every time a cell divides its chromosomes gets shorter but telomeres explain how these codes are maintained. Telomeres serve to protect genetic information and act as caps at the end of chromosomes to prevent them getting shorter every time the cells divide. They stop telomeres from attaching to each other and stop losing genes from cell division. If chromosomes had no telomeres they would get shorter to the point where the cells cannot divide which makes them senescence (when cells…