Chronic pain

Chronic (non-cancer) pain management is a complex part of healthcare. Treating patients in order to relieve pain is often hard to do in a completely safe and risk free manner, especially in the long term. A common treatment method for individuals with chronic pain is opioid painkillers. Opioid painkillers have numerous side effects with the biggest risks being that of abuse, dependence, and the possibility of death from an overdose. The risk of using opioids compared to the benefits, or efficacy…

A., & Wimsatt, L. A. (2014). How to monitor opioid Use for your patients with chronic pain. American Academy of Family Physicians(21), 6-11. Retrieved from http://www.aafp.org/fpm/2014/1100/p6.html Information sheet on opioid overdose. (2014, November). Retrieved from World Health Organization: http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/information-sheet/en/…

seek treatment for co-occurring disorders. These medical conditions may be a result of many situations producing chronic pain to traumatic events that have left physical consequences affecting the physiological aspects of the client’s life. Relapse or risk factors can be found in physiological variables such as post-acute withdrawal symptoms; intense cravings for substances; physical pain and illness; serious medical problems or changes in health status; ingestion of medications for medical,…

facial categorization in rodents and also the firs study of facial expressions of pain in nonhuman specie. This scale was done with an acetic acid constriction test and measures five facial features, adapted from human facial pain expression studies, and scores them with a value where “0” there is no pain present, “1” it is moderately visible and “2” is severe. Finally, each mouse receives a global pain or no-pain mark. The features are individually examined and are the following. “Orbital…

problems including sciatica pain, degenerative disc disease and disc prolapse are the serious health aliments that can produce bothersome symptoms. Spinal discs act as a cushion between the back bones and are very susceptible to injury or disease, causing severe pain in the back and legs. These problems greatly affect aging individuals because of wear and tear in the spine disc cartilage, causing the loss of normal function or structure and decrease quality of life. Proper pain management for…

last for longer periods of time, visiting a specialist is imperative. Here are a few signs that will require a consultation with an ear, nose, and throat doctor. Chronic Ear Infections Most people have experienced the pain of an ear infection, but if you continually develop these infections, you should see a specialist immediately. Chronic ear infections refer to both recurring ear infections or one ear infection that does not completely heal. Here are a few signs…

Abstract Treatment of chronic pain in diabetic neuropathy or neuropathic pain of other origins is challenging. Compounded topical formulations have evolved as potential treatment options. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of a compounded topical cream (Transdermal Therapeutics). Two versions of TT-CTAC cream were evaluated. Both creams contain Ketamine (10%), Baclofen (2%), Gabapentin (6%), amitriptyline (4%), bupivacaine (2%), Clonidine (0.2%). Additionally…

Pain is one of the most common reasons why patients reach out for medical care. Pain tolerance varies from patient to patient. Pain has sensory and emotional building blocks that are categorized as acute or chronic pain. Acute pain is usually associated with anxiety and increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include tachycardia, increased blood pressure, increased respiratory rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis. Acute pain is often a response to tissue injury, which…

Status - uncontrolled Drug therapy problem - safety: dose too high - LS's pain medication dose is too high and at risk for opioid overdose. Drug therapy problem - indication: needs additional drug therapy - LS is at high risk for opioids overdose, a rescue medication for opioids overdose is recommended; LS needs optimal pain medications to control her symptom. Drug therapy problem - compliance: noncompliance - LS is not compliance with taking her MS Contin tablet and oxycodone IR tablet.…

Successful pain management and the need to address functional problems can be accomplished through a variety of different techniques, some safer than others. To provide instant relief physicians often prescribe painkillers. Mild to moderate pain OTC over the counter oral medications like acetaminophen and NSAID 's non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Stronger medications are prescribed for chronic or severe pain, thereby increasing the possibility of serious side effects and…