Chromosome

Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a Primary human immunodeficiency disease which is caused by genetic predisposition in an autosomal recessive pattern, where this describes any chromosome other than sex chromosomes where both pairs of the gene in each cell have underwent mutation. This disorder itself is a rare one, where about 200 cases of the condition have been reported worldwide. The parents of the person with this type of condition, autosomal recessive, carry one copy of the mutated gene, but…

formula was used: Cross Over= (B+C)/(A+B+C) Therefore, the cross-over frequency is found by adding the total number of recombinant asci and dividing that by the total number of asci. In order to calculate map distance, which is the distance the chromosome is from the centromere, the following formula was used: Map Distance= (% Crossed Over)/2 The percentage of cross-over must be divided by two because mitosis occurred, duplicating the cells. Therefore, only half of the spores are from…

ichael explains his case in a creative way. He has Down syndrome when the chromosomes came to make him, a normal chromosome broke, the broken piece moved and struck onto another chromosome.Its called spontaneous translocation.No one knows why this happens or how to prevent it. He starts to talk like how he is like everyone else. All he does is learns things a different way. It takes him longer to process information and form his thoughts and communicate with others. He gets frustrated when…

Tay-Sachs Disease What if I told you that there was a disease that could cause your muscles to weaken. That it could also cause your brothers or sisters to die at an early age. Tay-Sachs Disease is a genetic disorder that usually happens in infants and the symptoms don’t show until the 5-6 months. This disease kills thousands if not hundreds of thousands. Tay-Sachs Disease symptoms are diagnosed according to what causes Tay-Sachs. Tay-Sachs is not inherited. Doctors, after diagnosis, will…

meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from their parent cells. Unique haploid cells are produced in part by crossing over, which occurs in prophase I on meiosis. Crossing over is the process by which during synapsis, homologous chromosomes exchange sets of DNA, resulting…

(Reece et al. 2014) The Mitotic (M) Phase occurs in two parts: Mitosis and Cytokinesis During mitosis the DNA of the cell condenses into chromosomes and removed by the mitotic spindle. Mitosis takes place in four stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is split in two, making two new cells. Cytokinesis usually begins just…

Down syndrome or trisomy 21 is caused by having an extra copy of chromosome 21 and it is a developmental disorder which means having three copies of each genes rather than two, this extra copy changes several characteristics and leads to physical and mental issues for the child. Anyway, what are the signs and symptoms of Down syndrome? Different complications at different times of lives may happen to people with Down syndrome as well as the signs of Down syndrome can vary from one person to…

We used Drosophila melanogaster, for this experiment because they reproduce easily, are easily maintained, have easily observable traits, and have a low chromosome number. The life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster begins with females laying eggs, then the eggs mature into three larval stages. The first stage is called the 1st instar larva, the second is 2nd instar larva, and the thirst is 3rd instar larva…

small number of boys have a different MECP2 mutation and can have some developmental delay. Rett Syndrome has an unknown etiology, perhaps because of the lack of bulk investigations available. According to Pellock, there is a mutation on the X chromosome which affects the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2). There are also other mutations that can cause atypical or congenial Rett Syndrome such as mutations in the CDKL5 and FOXG1 genes. These cases may be caused by partial gene deletions,…

(also known as polydactyly), abnormal development of fingernails, short limb dwarfism, and over half the cases have shown congenital heart defects. Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome is associated with abnormalities or mutations in two genes on the number 4 chromosome. This syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic condition, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of a child with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated…