Chromosome

the child 23 chromosomes each, which means the baby inherits a total of 46 chromosomes. However Down syndrome is caused by a child inheriting an extra chromosome giving them a total of 47 chromosomes. With the extra genetic material delays are caused with physical features and developments associated with Down syndrome. In more than 90% of cases, the extra copy of chromosome comes from the mother in the egg, where only 4% of the cases, the father provides the extra copy of chromosome through the…

Turner’s syndrome is a condition that results in a person only being born with one X chromosome. This condition is due to when someone is born with only one sex chromosome. Those who have Turner’s syndrome have one X-chromosome and are missing the other sex chromosome. Because there is the presence of an X chromosome only those with Turner’s syndrome are consider having the sex of female. This syndrome results in a vast variety of medical issues, but most issues that those who have this syndrome…

where individuals are born with skeletal abnormalities of hand and arms (upper limbs) and heart problems due to the mutation of HOS1into the TBX gene. TBX gene plays a role in controlling growth of bone in the hand and arm. Also, TBX is present in chromosome 12. The symptoms include: missing thumbs, long thumb that looks a like a finger, partial or complete absences of bones in the forearm, undeveloped bone of the upper arm, abnormities of the collarbone or shoulder blades which can affect one…

Birth, first talks about how our life begins. Every human being starts with a single cell called zygote. (Berger, pg48). All living things consists of cells that has molecules of DNA. DNA molecules are called chromosomes. Then, this chromosomes contain genes. Each one of us has 46 chromosomes that are arranged into 23 pairs. Except for our reproductive cell called gamete. There are two different types of gametes, for a man it is called sperm and for a woman it is called ovum (Berger pg48). The…

Down syndrome. It is caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome. IT is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with intellectual disability. One in 730 live births results in trisomy 21. It is seen in all ages, races and socioeconomic levels, but a higher incidence is found with a maternal age older than 35 years. This is associated with the fact that 90% of cases with an extra chromosome 21 originates from the mother. Trisomy 21 is associated with intellectual…

Mitosis I chose to do mitosis in my science project because i knew about mitosis more than the other topics on the list of options. In my project, i modeled mitosis with styrofoam balls, paint, and clay. I modeled the steps prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis . I modeled the steps by cutting the styrofoam balls in half, painted them and I put the clay models of organelles inside the styrofoam cell i made. I made skin cells as the type of cells i am using for my model, by…

Toulouse-Lautrec with pycnodysostosis. This disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in a gene on chromosome 1q21 (Hodder et al., 2014). Since Toulouse-Lautrec’s parents were first cousins, there is a great chance he inherited this disease. Pycnodysostosis is a genetic disorder of the bone caused by a mutation in the genetic enzyme cathepsin K and has been mapped by chromosome 1q21 (NHI Paper). The enzyme cathepsin K is very important in the normal function of osteoclasts…

inherits the hemophilia on his X chromosome will be a hemophiliac. A girl who inherits the defective gene on one of her X chromosomes will be a carrier. Interestingly, she might transmit the defective gene to her children, but she won’t get the disease. (galegroup.com) They are called first-pregnancy hemophiliacs if their first child is a boy, and he inherits the disease. Boys have one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome, but girls have 2 X chromosomes, and one Y chromosome. (worldbook.com) She…

helpful or neutral). An example of this is blood type in humans which is passed onto new generation and is not an advantage or disadvantage, but neutral. There are two kinds of chromosomes that are present inside cells and that are passed on to offspring during sexual reproduction. These are autosomes and sex chromosomes mutations in each determine. Some traits however can be harmful. An example of this are diseases that are present in an organism because of a mutation in the DNA of the…

Background: What is Down Syndrome? Down Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra twenty-first chromosome, that causes birth defects of developmental and intellectual delays. The human body is composed of trillions of cells and within the nucleus of each cell are structures called chromosomes (Parks, 2009). About eight million babies are diagnosed with Down Syndrome in the United States with approximately twenty thousand in Western Europe…