Chromosome 15

Phagocytosis: The effects of time and Latrunculin on endocytosis. Introduction Phagocytosis is a process in which cells engulfed foreign materials. Eukaryotic cells can engulf different particles and solutes from their environment using a variety of mechanisms called endocytosis. Some cells can carry out large endocytic processes called phagocytosis and micropinocytosis. These processes can internalize particles (>0.5um) whereas internalization of fluids through micropinocytosis mechanisms…

Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproductive organisms that leads to the production of reproductive cells called gametes. The process of meiosis begins with a diploid (2n) cell, which has a full amount of chromosomes. For example, in humans, the diploid number is 46. Meiosis gives the end product of four haploid (n) gametes, which have half of the amount of DNA that their parent cells have. In humans, this haploid number is 23. The process of meiosis has many steps…

gene located on the long arm of chromosome 12 at position 21.32, known for making a protein that is present in many types of cells but not well understood. Studies suggest that it plays an important role in the development and activity of centrosomes and cilia. The IQCB1 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 3 at position 13.33, makes a protein used by the primary cilia of renal cells and photoreceptor cells. The NPHP1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 2 at position 13, provides…

There are billions of people in the world. They all start as small infants, then grow up. But not everyone turns out the same as the next. Some turn out to be truly evil beings. The truth is, many humans have done acts of evil, but no one is born evil. They are born like a blank slate, bound to be shaped by society. People believe others are either born to be corrupted or born to be kind. In this essay, to prove that people are born as a blank state and not either one of those we will show…

Introduction When analyzing biological processes and development, Drosophila melanogaster is an ideal organism to utilize. Compared to other organisms, the functions of D. melanogaster are easier to manipulate due to its quick sedation time from carbon dioxide. These flies can be sedated in less than ten seconds with a carbon dioxide flow rate of 5L/min. D. melanogaster also produces offspring in a short amount of time (roughly 10 days at 25 degrees Celsius), which makes it a desirable species…

formula was used: Cross Over= (B+C)/(A+B+C) Therefore, the cross-over frequency is found by adding the total number of recombinant asci and dividing that by the total number of asci. In order to calculate map distance, which is the distance the chromosome is from the centromere, the following formula was used: Map Distance= (% Crossed Over)/2 The percentage of cross-over must be divided by two because mitosis occurred, duplicating the cells. Therefore, only half of the spores are from…

In the movie Spiderman, the protagonist Peter Parker is a geeky, introverted, intelligent high school boy who gets bit by an engineered spider during a field trip to a lab. After the biting of the spider, Parker turns into a stronger and confident person who possesses spider-like qualities. Throughout the movie it is clear Spiderman’s legacy is that he wishes to protect civilians, he can be considered as a superhero vigilante or be considered as a criminal. Parker develops super speed, strength,…

While in the Meiosis there takes cell div ision two times but chromosomes divides only single time. 2) Mitosis usually occurs in the somatic cells. While Meiosis takes place in the germ cells. 3) Mitosis generally takes place in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms. While we should know that Meiosis only…

The chromosomes condense and become so compact that they are able to be seen with light microscope. This marks the beginning of prophase. Each chromosome contains two identical copies called sister chromatids. The sister chromatids are attached at a central point called a centromere. The second key event in prophase is the assembly…

of one or more modifier genes, for example the genetic background, the example of this is the complete baldness gene to the brown hair gene. Sex-linkage Sex linkage is the phenotypic manifestation of an allele which is connected to the sex chromosome of an individual, examples of this include the genes that control colour blindness and the male pattern baldness Sex-influenced effects Sex influenced effects are traits that are influenced by sex, for example if a male has one recessive…