Chromium

Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic chemical compounds due to the common use of chromium compounds in industry in addition to its natural sources (Costa et al., 2003). Exposure to chromium occurs via contaminants found in drinking water and food, through air containing particulates or mists of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) compounds, or through skin contact with soil at hazardous waste sites (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2013). Cr (VI) may be found in drinking water source supplies as a contaminant resulting from various industrial processes including electroplating operations, leather tanning, textile manufacturing, wood preservation, photography & photoengraving and cooling systems. They release relatively large amounts of chromium in surface waters. Additionally, their solid wastes if disposed improperly in landfills may be sources for groundwater contamination. However, leaching from topsoil and rocks is the most important natural source of chromium entry into bodies of water (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2000; Blacksmith Institute, 2007; National Toxicology Program (NTP), 2008; Trif et al., 2010).…

Many car owners like to upgrade their vehicles in order to improve their performance. Making cosmetic changes to a car can enhance its aesthetics, but it may also increase its value. If you wish to update your car, without spending too much money on it, consider making a fantastic first impression with chrome trim accessories. There are a number of advantages that come with chrome accessories. They are pretty simple to install and cheap to buy. The material is hard metal that is rust resistant…

When brainstorming for my valediction I had many ideas such as a overly cheesy thank you, a super salty rant or even to just fill it with star wars quotes. But inspiration came to me before prom when I went to Dylan's candy bar and got a ginormous Jawbreaker. Over the last few days, I have been mindlessly licking and sucking on this Jawbreaker. Sometimes when you throw yourself at something over and over again things might go wrong. For example after battling this jawbreaker the last few days my…

Hinkley verses Pacific Gas and Electric also known as PG and E. Between the years of 1952 to 1966 an outbreak of Chromium 6 was polluting the water in Hinkley. However, the people of Hinkley were unaware of what harm could be done by this substance. Many families and individuals who lived close to the company that produced the Chromium 6 had been experiencing illnesses that where caused by the chemical they had been consuming. The people of Hinkley did not know how they were getting sick, they…

day is only becoming larger and larger. Unnatural products such as Chromium Hexavalent Compounds, and hundreds of other unnatural products, are increasing the chances of people getting cancer. Chromium Hexavalent Compounds are produced in the productions of metals and are commonly found in factories. Chromium Hexavalent is an unnatural, man-made, corrosive element. “Elemental chromium does not occur naturally in the environment. The divalent (chromous) state is readily oxidized to the more…

Chromium Chromium was discovered in France in 1797. A man named Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin discovered chromium while experimenting with a material known as Siberian red lead. The name Chromium comes from the Greek word "chroma" meaning "color." Chromium got this name because of the many different colors in the element. This element is hard, metallic and shiny. Chromium doesn't tarnish. Chromium is a metal element. Chromium's symbol is "Cr" and has an atomic number of 24. This metal is the…

illustrating the point that Chromium is both beneficial and baneful. Chromium can be very harmful to the environment and the organisms that inhabit it. Alongside the afflictions Chromium can have on the surrounding environments, the element has many assets that benefit the health of said denizens. As synthesized from minerals found in nature, Chromium was introduced and discovered in 1798, it is used for hardening steel, to prevent corrosion alongside various medical uses, and also has a…

thorough evaluation through the hundreds of records that were provided, Brockovich found what she was looking for. Erin Brockovich had just found a cleanup and abatement order filed by court against PG&E. This Cleanup and Abatement Order (CAO) says “The CAO required the Discharger (PG&E) to complete a site investigation, to characterize the hydrogeology of the site, and to initiate cleanup and abatement of hexavalent chromium in the soil and groundwater. The site investigation delineated a…

something, you are more likely to take action due to your passion for it. For example, Erin personally connected with the residents of Hinkley and this fueled her decision to take action against PG&E in order to help the residents. In the movie, Erin first met Donna, a Hinkley resident, to inquire about her PG&E medical records. After finding out about Donna’s history of tumors, as well as PG&E’s claim that the chromium they used was at a safe level, Erin decided to dig deeper and find out more.…

finds this odd and goes to her home to speak with her and gather some information. Mrs. Jensen tells her that they pay for medical doctors because of the chromium in the water. Upon further investigation Ms. Brockovich finds a connection to a chemical called hexavalent chromium being used by PG&E that causes life-threatening damage. Erin found that this chemical was seeping into the water filtration system throughout this entire community where members were becoming ill. Although Pacific Gas…