Chromatography

the least soluble enzymes would precipitate out early and most soluble enzymes would precipitate late. Then, using affinity chromatography, LDH was further purified based upon its hydrophobicity. Using a ligand that had high affinity for enzymes with NAD+ cofactors, LDH was filtered from other enzymes that didn’t contain this property. Lastly, size exclusion chromatography was used to separate enzymes by their molecular weight. Knowing the molecular weight of LDH and using beads that had…

5. Protein purification There are many thousand kinds of proteins with different properties and functions in a cell. Proteins have been purified in active form on the basis of such characteristics as solubility, size, charge and specific binding affinity. Normally, protein mixtures are subjected to a series of separations, each based on a different property to yield a pure protein. 5.1 Separation based on solubility (Scopes, 1994) The protein solubility in various solvents depended on the…

The researchers compared both biologically produced manganese oxides and chemically produced manganese oxides for the oxidation of diclofenac. Because biologically produced manganese oxides are known to have high specific surface areas and high catalytic reactivity, this substance offers higher rates of oxidation for diclofenac when compared to chemically produced manganese oxides.² If biologically produced manganese oxides prove to completely eliminate diclofenac from the water supply, the…

tequila samples using gas chromatography and headspace solid-phase microextration but these techniques have proved to be too costly for routine analysis. Lachenmeier and colleagues observed that the authentic tequila research required more advanced and affordable method for separating the 100 % agave tequilas from the mixed ones. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of various samples of authentic tequila purchased in Mexico and Germany using ion chromatography (IC) and…

pure substance. These substances were boiled into vials that gave us fractions #1-4. Fraction #1 was obtained through simple distillation and fractions #2-4 were obtained through fractional distillation. The fractions were then ran through a gas chromatography machine to test how pure the product really was. The experiment proved that fractional distillation was much more effective than simple distillation, due to our product of fractional distillation…

that are to be used such as melting point calculations, retention factors, and solubility in various aqueous solutions. The experimental provides the basics of using a melting point apparatus, determining solubility, and performing thin layer chromatography. In the results section the findings of my experimental are tabulated and presented in a well-organized manner so that the reader can understand how each value was calculated. In the discussion an explanation is given that reiterates and…

The objectives of this lab are relatively simple: using a separatory funnel to separate a pure substance from a mixture, determine the mass of a sample of caffeine using mass spectrometry, and as a way to separate compounds, use gas chromatography. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry you are more accurately able to determine the sample of caffeine. Amount of Caffeine in 100mL sample of Coffee. Introduction: Within this lab, our group was supposed to determine the amount of caffeine…

Examples of some preparative chromatographic techniques include: • Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) • Column Chromatography (CC) PREPARATIVE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY A method for rapid qualitative analysis, TLC here allows components of a mixture to be separated easily. The solid phase is made of a thin layer of silica mounted on a solid support, called the TLC plate.…

Introduction Aspergillus is a saprophytic ubiquitous fungi genus, which includes more than 200 species. This genus have positive and negative impact to human being. Some species of Aspergillus have pharmaceutical applications, but at same time, this genus could be pathogen of respiratory diseases, and also it could synthesys potent carcinogens. The most pathogenic specie of Aspergillus for human is A. fumigatus, which causes a wide range of sickness, depending to the immunological system of…

James Poland CHEM 104A 21 September 2014 Discussion and Conclusion of Experiment #4: States of Matter Sleuth Discussion The results of this experiment enabled the experimenter to determine the identity of an unknown salt (#3) using ion-exchange chromatography by analyzing the inorganic salts of the unknown salt, which can be examined by acid-base titration using ion-exchange resin. The stationary phase is made up of acid groups which will attach to the resin, which is then rinsed down the…