Cholinergic

There are many types of artificial sweeteners on the market found in numerous low calorie foods or diet drinks. Unlike sugar, these artificial sweeteners have no actual caloric value, and don't affect blood glucose levels as much for diabetics as regular sugar would. Artificial sweeteners are man-made, sometimes derived from sugars occurring naturally in nature. Splenda, a commonly used brand, is made of the artificial sugar sucralose while equal is made of the artificial sugar aspartame. These…

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive and irreversible degenerative disease of the brain. Each phase of the disease presents distinct characteristics, and it is these characteristics that are used to determine how far the disease has progressed. Although there is, as of yet, no cure, various advances in medicine are geared at easing the ravages of the diseases, with the hope of a definitive cure on the minds of many. A form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease presents in two main forms: early onset…

Table: 9 FT- IR analysis of methanol extract of M. concanensis leaves S. No Peak values Intensity range Intensity Group assignment Functional groups 1 3972.43 0.0086 Unknown 2 3859.33 0.0412 Unknown 3 3805.79 0.0733 Unknown 4 3396.46 0.9280 Medium N-H stretch Amides, alcohols and amines 5 2987.43 0.2450 Medium C-H stretch Alkanes and acids 6 2946.27 0.2810 Medium C-H stretch Alkanes and acids 7 2912.38 0.2040 Medium C-H stretch Alkanes 8 2834.49 0.3170 Weak C-H stretch Aldehydes and…

I witnessed this disease first hand with my grandmother. I was too young to understand what she was experiencing or why she did the things she did. All I knew is that grandma would get confused and sometimes forget things. As a kid, I just wanted to help my grandma as she has helped me. The more I learn about this disease, the better understanding I have of the changes that my grandmother went through. Despite that this disease can rob people of their very self and abilities, I believe that…

Exelon, and Aricept are commonly prescribed. “Cholinesterase inhibitors bind to cholinesterase resulting in increased acetylcholine in the synapses, causing increased parasympathetic activity… They penetrate the blood brain barrier and enhance cholinergic transmission in the brain. These agents are used to treat dementia in patients.” (Drugs.com Staff) Klonopin, a medication used to control seizures is helpful in relieving anxiety, and easing sleep disturbances. Stimulants are sometimes…

Dry eyes is a common condition that occurs when your tears are not able to provide adequate lubrication for your eyes. Tears can be inadequate for many reasons. For example, dry eyes may occur if you do not produce enough tears or if you produce poor-quality tears. Dry eyes feel uncomfortable. If you have dry eyes, your eyes may sting or burn. You may experience dry eyes in certain situations, such as on an airplane, in an air-conditioned room, while riding a bike or after looking at a computer…

crucial for the communication between brain cells fail due to the down regulation of acetylcholine and the over activation of glutamate, which result in the death of neurons (IOS Press, 2008). It is believed to involve the irreversible loss of cholinergic neurons, specifically in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (Advokat et al., 2014). The onset of this disease usually occurs after age 60, but is increasingly being reported in people younger than 65 (Advokat et al., 2014). Symptoms of…

The lay people associate Dementia with memory loss, but it’s just not that simple. Dementia is a gradual disease with many other characteristics, such as, loss of attention, orientation, language, judgement, and reasoning (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, & Harding ). “Personality changes and behavioral problems such as agitation, delusions, and hallucinations may occur” (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, & Harding). All of the issues that come with Dementia affect the entire person’s…

Environmental Bridges and Nicotine Marissa L. Ciluffo University of North Alabama Abstract Nicotine is an addictive parasympathomimetic alkaloid that is found in products such as cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, and snuff. When someone consumes nicotine, either through smoking, inhaling, or chewing, specific neurotransmitter actions take place within the body and brain. Acetylcholine is replaced by nicotinic receptors, in the neurons, causing the membrane to become…

Dr. Gregory House is a 55-year-old single man; he lives in an apartment by himself and is the head of Diagnostic Medicine at Princeton-Plainsboro Teaching Hospital. Dr. Houses’ father was abusive in some instances he would make House take a cold bath and sleep outside thus leading to a very strained relationship between the two. Additionally, Dr. Houses ' relationship with his mother was tainted by her cheating on his father. In his mid-30’s, Dr. House suffered an infarction in his leg…