Chloroplast

Chemistry is in everyday life, including space travel. One might ask what is involved with space travel? A lot of times fuel for the rockets come to mind, but there is also the making of the rocket itself and how they breathe all the way up into space. A method they use for breathing in space is electrolysis. Other factors are the diet, the removal of waste, and the impact of space. In spacecraft fuel the two main categories are liquid and solid rockets, which have different combinations and…

metabolism, growth and behaviour in a plant. However there is the minority of plants that don’t need the suns energy to survive which means that they can survive in darkness. These plants are known as heterotrophs. These plants do not contain chloroplast and…

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the concentration of succinate dehydrogenase in six fractions made by students. Succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme located in the mitochondrial membrane and aids in cell respirations and enzyme generation. In order to conduct this experiment, students cut a liver and through a process created six fractions. Each of the six fractions was moved to a cuvette with solutions containing different volumes and recoding the absorbance every five seconds…

carbohydrate molecules which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water. There are two main process in photosynthesis. (Light reaction and dark reaction) Light reactions produce organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH). Chlorophyll which is in chloroplast decomposes water which are absorbed from roots by light energy. Therefore water are decomposed into electrons and proton, and oxygen molecules are released into the atmosphere. This process is light reactions. On the other hand, dark…

simple food after breaking down complex food. In our lab, Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Euglena were all autotrophs, so they do not digest in the same way as other organisms. In the figure, these three organisms would all fit body plan B, as they have chloroplasts that aid them in photosynthesizing. Euglena’s cell membrane, the pellicle, is responsible for permitting absorption of nutrients when the organism does not have sunlight to photosynthesize. However, when sunlight is present, the Euglena…

Even though systematics previously used more conventional systems such as Chatton’s division of life in to two main cellular groups; the eukaryote-prokaryote dichonomy (cited in Sapp, 2005), as well as Whittaker’s Five Kingdom system to organise all living things (Whittaker, 1969), they do not co-exist compatibly or correctly. The five kingdom system is not phylogenetically correct and eukaryote and prokaryote systems do not take into consideration new sequencing abilities (Kandler, Wheelis &…

by which plants absorb light and turn it into chemical energy. This energy, known as ATP is then used to fix carbon into glucose and oxygen is released as a by-product in the process. This lab focuses on light-dependent reactions that occur in chloroplast where pigments absorb light through photosynthesis. Objective: The purpose of this lab is to extract photosynthetic pigments from spinach leaves using paper chromatography. We will then measure their absorbances at different frequencies using…

Lynn Margulis was born March 5th, 1938 into a Jewish family in Chicago. She attended Hyde Park Academy High School where she was seen as a bad student. She attended and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1957. She continued her education at the University of Wisconsin at Madison earning a master's degree in zoology, and her Ph.D in genetics from University of California, Berkeley in 1965. In between her undergraduate and graduate studies she met Carl Sagan and they married soon after.…

There were three significant events that happen at the beginning of microbiology period. The first event was the discovery of cells. A scientist name Robert Hooke was the first one to watch cells when he looked into a thin slice of cork, which we now use for closing wine, through a microscope that wasn’t as powerful but allowed him to see cells. Hooke then made a better microscope that had two sets of lenses which allowed him to see individual cells. His discovery started the beginning of the…

is able to continue to grow and conduct cellular respiration through this process. But how exactly is it able to accomplish this? Well, let us being with the acquirement of ATP during the light dependent reactions. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast and it begins when a photon is absorbed by a chlorophyll molecule from photosystem II. After…