Chloride

Environmental pollutants have been adversely affecting air, soil and water for many years. Chemicals can be released to the environment as a result of their manufacture, processing, and use. Chlorine is a naturally occurring substance. Its manipulation and use in forming artificial chemical products has had devastating effects on the environment which we are only now beginning to understand. In its various artificial forms, chlorine plays a major role in the most pressing environmental problems…

1.0. Synopsis The objective of this experiment is to use the gravimetric method to determine the concentration of sulfate. Gravimetric analysis is a method used to determine the mass or concentration of a substance by measuring a change in mass. To determine the concentration of the sulfate, the precipitation of Barium sulfate is done first by adding the sulfate solution with hydrochloric acid, then heating while stirring it. Next is the washing and filtration of the Barium Sulfate precipitate,…

Desalination plants implement two varying processes to eliminate sodium chloride from large quantities of water, thus being reverse osmosis and thermal desalination. Distillation desalination, often referred to as thermal desalination, consists of the evaporation and condensation of sea-water, subsequent to heat induction. Thus producing a condensed product with a low concentration of sodium chloride (SIDEM VEOLIA, n.d.). Reverse osmosis employs a semipermeable membrane (cellulose acetate…

Transporter proteins comprise 5% of all human drug targets. This category encompasses the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, ATPases, and the solute carrier (SLC) family. SLC6 is the most exploited family among all transporters (55%), with approximately 42 drugs currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Figure 4.9a)76. Currently, around 60 clinical trials are in progress for drugs that specifically target SLC6 family members, mainly for analgesia, psychiatric…

Even people living in not so hot places search for information on how to stop armpit sweating effectively. The reason for this information search is because of problem of excessive perspiration called Axillary Hyperhidrosis. When a person suffers from hyperhidrosis excessive sweating is seen in some or several parts of the body even under normal cool atmospheric conditions. This problem happens because of an overactive sympathetic nervous system in some parts of the body. The over activity…

are each made from different genes. The GABRA1 gene codes for the alpha 1 subunit (α1). This receptor protein forms a pore within the plasma membrane, allowing chloride ions to flow into the cell. The healthy function of this protein is to allow GABA, a neurotransmitter, attach to the GABAA receptor, and thus opening the pore allowing chloride ions to pass through. This process helps prevent the brain from being overloaded with too many signals that are being transmitted. When the mutation…

Parenteral formulation of an anticancer drug candidate – Tackling poor solubility 1 Introduction Cancer is the number one cause of death in Singapore , and has been on an increasing trend over the years . Hence, the search for anti-cancer drugs and better treatment regimens are widely studied but there are many challenges. One potential cancer treatment strategy is to induce apoptosis in cancer tissues by the modulation of nitric oxide production . Nitric oxide is a reactive, gaseous molecule…

significant biological properties. The newly substituted tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives were prepared from substituted phenylhydrazine and cyclohexanone in glacial acetic acid under reflux. These intermediates on reaction with substituted aromatic acid chlorides in alkaline media finally converted to N-Substituted tetrahydrocarbazoles. Fifteen compounds are synthesized and charaterized by their melting point (MP), IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. All the compounds were subjected to…

3. Current situation 1995 was the final year in which Australia produced any CFC substances. No ozone depleting substances are produced within Australia today. (Department of the Environment and Heritage 2001) Management strategies to cease the import of CFCs were implemented into Australian borders. The total imports of CFCs decreased from 2101.0 tonnes in 1991 to 9.5 tonnes in 2000 (Department of the Environment and Heritage 2001; refer to Appendix B, Table 2). A small percentage of CFCs…

We know that Glaceau Smart Water is purified and contains essential minerals such as magnesium chloride, potassium, and calcium chloride, all of which add nutrients to the body and therefore provide energy to do activities that demand the use of a lot of energy. This indicates that the use of Glaceau Smartwater would be an energy enhancing drink for the audience and…