Chemical vapor deposition

2.3.1.2 Antioxidant analysis Two methods to measure the antioxidant activity are by determining its ability of hydrogen atom donation to a reactive species and/or check its ability to take off any molecules of oxidative initiation. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level evaluation can be classified into a direct method and indirect method. Indirect method or in vitro method consists of DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical…

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), universally referred to as lime water or slaked lime is formed by reacting hydrated lime (calcium oxide, CaO) with water (H2O)[1] CaO (s) + H2O (l) ⇌ Ca(OH)2 (aq) (ΔHr = −63.7 kJ/mol of CaO) Calcium hydroxide is an economically favorable alkaline reagent to neutralize acid as it yields 2 moles of (OH)2 for every 1 mole of Ca(OH)2 (which is slightly soluble in water) when compared to sodium hydroxide [1] and it may separate from the solution ‘constant agitation must…

Protein Purification Practical Report Student Name : Noel Murphy Date : 28 February 2015 UF/DF Practical Question Report Ultrafiltration (UF) and Diafiltration (DF) steps are carried out prior to every chromatography step and post the final polishing chromatography step. These UF and DF steps are vitally important, the UF step concentrates the protein product into a smaller volume of buffer, while the DF step alters the conditions the protein product is sitting in i.e. Buffer exchange.…

Lipases from thermophiles are expected to play a significant role in industrial processes, since they are thermostable and resistant to chemical denaturation. Thermostable lipases are employed in various industries which includes food and diary, fat and oil modification, detergent, cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, organic synthesis, oleo-chemical and biodiesel production. The high potential of lipase application in various industries has resulted in increasing demands for new lipase which is…

Additionally recent studies indicate that this enzyme is highly contributed in the detoxification and protection of the organs or parts of the body that are exposed to carcinogens chemicals. For example, it has been found that this enzyme is highly active in smokers than the non-smokers in order to metabolize the chemicals in lungs however the exact function of this enzyme in lungs is not determined yet. In fact it has been found that CYP4501A1 has this type of protective function in skin and…

decrease of vapor pressure. Water does not vaporize easily because the surface area for water to escape to the surrounding is decreasing when solute like salt and sugar are added to it. More energy are required to increase the vapor pressure of sugar solution or salt solution to exceed the atmospheric pressure so that…

Determination of Isoprenaline Hydrochloride Concentration Using Ultra Violet/ Visible Spectroscopy and Quantification of Sodium and Potassium Using Flame Spectroscopy Introduction In UV/VIS (ultraviolet-visible light) spectroscopy, light absorption as a function of various wavelengths gives data about electronic transitions within a solution [1]. The electronic transitions involve exciting an electron from one principle quantum state to another by the absorption of energy [2]. A change in…

TiV photocatalyst was prepared by sol–gel method using tetra-n-butyl titanate as the precursor. Solution A was prepared by dissolving 17 mL TBT in 30 mL anhydrous ethanol with stirring (300 rpm) for 30 min. The other solution that contained 28.35 mL anhydrous ethanol, 7.25 mL deionized water and 20 mL 3 M acetic acid was slowly added into the above solution with magnetic stirring at room temperature. The prepared mixture was further hydrolyzed for 60 min with stirring until the transparent sol…

Kitty Hach – Darrow was a mother. Chemical entrepreneur marketing trailblazer and pilot. She started college at Iowa state university to become a home economics teacher but was inspired by a chemist in the department who lead many young women into chemical profession. Another influence in to her chemical profession was her soon to be husband Cliff Hach. Water purifying has come a long way since Kitty’s discovery; we now have water filters and plants that filter water for us. Also we have…

The initial observation was the officials sprinkle salt only on roads that are icy . The question was what effect does salt have on the ice? Hypothesis was formulated, salt water will melt ice cube faster than the pure water because salt lowers the freezing point of ice in salt water. The prediction was ice cube melts faster in salt water than pure water. The following was the procedure of this experiment was: fill out 100mL water into each 250mL empty beaker, add 0.5grams of salt to one of the…