Chemical tests

the time it will take for the gas to be released and since we are only heating the baking soda for a certain time, the volume of the gas will be lower than it should be. When transferring the baking soda into the test tube, it is likely that some of the powder will not go into the test tube, which will cause the volume of the gas to be higher than it should be. The temperature of the flame will affect the intensity of heat delivered to the baking soda, which will affect the amount of gas…

product testing. Even though they are not as advanced as humans they can still feel and suffer. Common human products are tested on them in different test dealing with toxicity. These tests are unnecessary, costly, and don’t predict reliable results but the truth is ignored. Animals are very different than humans and the millions of dollar spent to test products are wasted on insufficient results. There are many other cheaper, more accurate results in which products can be tested. They are more…

Error bars represent SEM Experiment Catalase Treatment t-test matchup p-value Effect of varying substrate concentration Regular Catalase (phosphate buffer, pH 6.8) 0% vs 0.1% 0.1% vs 0.2% 0.2% vs 0.4% 0.4% vs 0.8% p= 0.002518333 p= 0.000243814 p= 1.35676E-05 p= 0.000258456 Table 1 – Statistics table for average…

Introduction An enzyme is a protein that functions as a catalyst, it speeds up chemical reactions (Freeman et al. 2017 p. 90). Enzymes are often large globular proteins and are able to hold substrates in specific orientations so they are able to react, the location where the substrate binds with the enzyme and reacts is called the active site and is the location where the catalysis occurs (Freeman et al. 2017). Enzymes activity is often related to the optimal environment for them in respect to…

By definition an enzyme are biological catalyst that facilitates specific chemical reactions. What this means is that an enzyme is a protein its function is to function as catalyst which lowers the activation energy for the reaction to occur quicker. Enzymes have different ways that it reacts with substrates. One way is that an enzyme reacts with a substrate is by bringing two substrates together correctly or by stressing particular bonds of substrates. By doing on or the other an enzyme can…

ensure proper performance of the membranes. This test is called a Normalised Water Permeability (NWP) test. Normalised Water Permeability is a measure of the flow rate of clean water through the filter membranes under the same transmembrane pressure that will be used during the processing steps. This test is performed as it tests the permeability of water through a membrane, it calculates the flow rate of the water through the membrane, it tests the effectiveness of the cleaning process and…

ELF for Ti 3 (Si x Al 1−x )C 2 on the (100) plane [32]. The ELF represents the sum of squares of the wave function, which corresponds to the number of electrons. ELF is suitable for the observation of electrons in real space, which corresponds to chemical bonding of each…

publicity and debate after the word was out. Scientist either immediately accepted or they remained skeptics for years to come. Davy was among one of the skeptics who did not want to accept that Dalton was right, eventually after many experimental tests the work was confirmed and about 50 years later Davy accepted that Dalton was correct. From 1817 until his death, John Dalton was elected as president of Manchester Literary and Philosophical society. He was awarded the Society’s Royal Medal for…

affect the rate of reaction? Problem: What effects does temperature have on the rate of reaction? Purpose: The aim of this investigation is to investigate how changing the temperature of sodium thiosulphate affects the rate of reaction in a chemical reaction. In order to complete this practical the temperature will be changed three times and the rate of reaction will be measured each time. Variables: Independent: -the temperature of the sodium thiosulphate. Dependent: -the rate of…

The kinetics of the reaction between peroxomonosulphate with Lactic acid was studied in the presence of Mn(II) at alkaline pH. The reaction followed first order with respect to peroxomonosulphate. The rate of the reaction was studied under pseudo first order condition and found to increases with the [Mn(II)] and lactic acid. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and reported. Based on the results a rate equation, kinetic scheme and a most probable mechanism has been predicted. Keywords: Alpha…