Chemical synthesis

biological catalyst; catalysts are substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up. Enzymes also make the reaction take place more often, and are needed in small amounts; they are also neither reactants nor products. Enzymes are also proteins that are folded into complex shapes that allow molecules to fit into them. The enzymes that are involved in respiration, photosynthesis and protein synthesis work within cells whereas other enzymes are secreted by specialized…

concerns the fact that sulfur holds much blame for the nasty occurrence. In fact, this mother of repulsive odors earns its spot on the periodic table as one of the world's 118 chemical elements, or substances that contain only one type of atom. Much like any other non-metal, it does not retain the typical physical and chemical properties of metals, such as luster. The tenth most abundant element in the universe, sulfur additionally sports a multitude of unique characteristics- some even…

of HBT. The CBNP is well adhered to the surface of HBT. This property increases the surface contact of HBT with paper and blackening effect in photocopies. 9. EDAX Analysis Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis is widely used technique to analyse the chemical composition of a material under SEM. X-ray data is processed to obtain the percentage of each measured element in the individual particles. Table. 2. Hybrid Black Toner – Case 1 Element Apprx. Conc. Intensity Corrn. Weight % Weight% Sigma…

A. Significance Copper is one of the most abundant transition metals in the human body and its redox characteristics make copper an important cofactor in many enzymes. Copper containing enzymes are important for tissue generation, synthesis of neurotransmitters, and catalysis of the electron transfer reactions.1 Because of its diverse functions, copper homeostasis deficiency is linked to many diseases. A prominent example is Wilson’s disease with a prevalence of approximately 1 case in 30,000…

selective catalyst, greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic chemical reactions, from the digestion of food to the synthesis of DNA. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate. Substrate is a molecule that attach to the active site of the enzyme protein which an enzyme acts. Active site is a small port in an enzyme that helps enzyme to bind with substrates and undergo a chemical reaction. During this binding of substrates with active site it creates enzyme…

Discussion of Results: This experiment consists of three different parts. The main goal of the experiment is to identify the unknown compound the lab group was given. Along with this, the group is to discover the compounds many physical or chemical properties. Lastly, the group is supposed to create and preform two syntheses of the compound and see how they compare and contrast in different areas like costs effectiveness, safety, and potential yield of the compound. Through all of these…

however, it can be converted to other forms. An everyday illustration of the first law of thermodynamic is photosynthesis in which a plant uses sunlight, a form of light energy, to produce sugars that are assembled into glucose, which is a type of chemical energy. The second law of thermodynamics states that all energy transformations are inefficient because every reaction loses some energy to the surroundings as heat. An everyday illustration of the second law of thermodynamics is if you ate an…

In this experiment, a series of reactions was performed in order to synthesize 6-ethoxycarbonyl-3,5-diphenyl-2-cyclohexenone, an a,b-unsaturated ketone. The two reactions performed in order to obtain this product were a Michael addition reaction and an Aldol condensation reaction. During this experiment, the reaction solution underwent several changes. Originally, the initial solution was light yellow and transparent. Once heated, the appearance of the reaction solution became bright yellow.…

There are several different reactions that can be utilized in order to end with a product that includes the synthesis of carbon-carbon bonds, however for this experiment the reaction that was utilized is aldol condensation. An aldol condensation is when an enolizable aldehyde or ketone undergoes a reaction, in the presence of a base or acid, and gives a beta unsaturated ketone or aldehyde (Utah Valley University, 2009). This type of reaction can also add carbonyls to a compound, using similar…

Results and Discussion Synthesis of Tin(IV) Porphyrin-Viologen Dyad: Tin(IV)porphyrin-viologen dyads 1 & 2 (scheme 1) used in this study was synthesized by a series of reactions. 1-(4-Carboxybenzyl)-1'-methyl-4,4'-bipyridinium hexaflurophosphate was prepared from the reaction between 1-Methyl-4,4'-bipyridinium iodide with 4-(bromomethyl)benzoic acid followed by ion exchange with NH4PF6. Reaction of 1-(4-Carboxybenzyl)-1'-methyl-4,4'-bipyridinium hexaflurophosphate with [Sn(OH)2TPP] (TPP =…